Reference Type Author Year Title Secondary Author Secondary Title Place Published Publisher Volume Number Pages Keywords Abstract Author Address Journal Article Abelson, A.;Miloh, T.;Loya., Y. 1993 Flow patterns induced by substrata and body morphologies of benthic organisms, and their roles in determining availability of food particles Limnol. Oceanograph. 38 1116-1124 Journal Article Abt, G.;Reyer, H.U. 1993 Mate Choice and Fitness in a Hybrid Frog - Rana esculenta Females Prefer Rana lessonae Males over Their Own Behav Ecol Sociobiol 32 4 221-228 SEXUAL SELECTION; MATING STRATEGIES; AUSTRALIAN FROG; EVOLUTION; ZONES; TOAD; BUFO; SPECIATION; LEK Journal Article Adams, Michael J.;Wilson, Albert G., Jr. 1993 Ascaphis truei (Tailed Frog). USA: Washington Herpetological Review 24 2 64 geographic distribution Journal Article Adams, Michael J. 1993 Summer nests of the tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) from the Oregon coast range Northwestern Naturalist 74 15-18 summer, nests, tailed frog, Ascaphus truei, Oregon coast range Journal Article Adams, M. J. 1993 Summer nests of the tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) from the Oregon Coast Range Northwestern Naturalist 74 15-18 Journal Article Adler, R. 1993 Determination of Cellular Types in the Retina Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 34 5 1677-1681 Retinal Cell Differentiation; Neuronal Differentiation; Photoreceptor Differentiation; Retinal Development; Neuronal Birth; Growth Factors; Cell Lineages; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; REGENERATION INVIVO; FROG RETINA; LARVAL FROG; DIFFERENTIATION; PHENOTYPE; INDUCTION; CELLS Journal Article Adler, Kraig 1993 Book Review: Snake life history in Kyoto Herpetological Review 24 3 113-114 Journal Article Adolph, Stephen C.;Porter, Waren P. 1993 Temperature, activity, and lizard life histories American Naturalist 142 2 273-295 Journal Article Afifi, A.;Mohamed, E. R.;Elridi, R. 1993 Seasonal conditions determine the manner of skin rejection in reptiles J Exp Zool 265 4 459-468 Reptilia, sauria, Chalcides ocellatus, anatomy, skin, allograft, rejection, season During summer, 33%, 52%, and 15% of lizards Chalcides ocellatus rejected first set skin allografts (time between day of first sign of rejection and end point), respectively in an acute (11-14 days), subacute (15-20 days), and chronic (21-24 days) manner. Second set grafts were rejected in an acute fashion (8-13 days). Examination of histological samples from grafted areas revealed evident lymphoid cell aggregations in allo- but not in autografts. This suggests that graft rejection results from an immunological reaction against allogeneic cells. In the other seasons, all skin allotransplanted lizards rejected the graft in a chronic manner: in 46-132 days during autumn, 31-79 days in winter, and 40-78 days during spring. These data indicate that graft rejection in reptiles is under the control of seasonal conditions. Reprint Endnote 93/537 Journal Article Aguilar, Dan 1993 Book Review: The general care and maintenance of milksnakes Desert Monitor 24 5 9-11 lampropeltis triangulum Journal Article Aguiniga, E.M.;Stiffler, D.F. 1993 Interrenal Function in Larval Ambystoma tigrinum 3. Acid-Base Balance Responses General and Comparative Endocrinology 90 1 100-108 BUFO-MARINUS; URINARY-BLADDER; HYPERCAPNIA; TOAD; SALAMANDER; TRANSPORT; ALDOSTERONE; STIMULATION; EXCHANGE; SODIUM Journal Article Ahl, I. 1993 Therapy of the mite Ophionyssus natricis in snakes (Svedish) Behandling av kvalstret Ophionyssus natricis hos orm Svensk Vet. tidning 45 5 195-200 Reptilia, serpentes, infection, acari, Ophionyssus natricis, therapy Reprint Endnote 94/100 Journal Article Ahne, W. 1993 Viruses of Chelonia J Vet Med B Zbl Vet B Infect 40 1 35-45 Reptilia, testudines, infection, virus Viruses occurring in turtles and tortoises are hetergeneous but according to ecologic characteristics and pathogenic properties they can be divided in two major groups: 1. Arboviruses (toga-, flavi-, rhabdo- and bunyaviruses) transmitted by arthropods cause severe diseases in homoiothermic vertebrates. The viruses are of great epidemiological interest in human and veterinary medicine. Chelonia and other reptiles infected by bites of vectors e. g. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex develop cyclic viremia without injury. The ectothermic animals maintain inapparent arbovirus infections during hibernation and they play role as reservoirs for these viruses. 2. Viruses of Chelonia origin (papova-, herpes-, irido- and paramyxoviruses) associated with diseases of infected turtles and tortoises have been described frequently during the last 20 years. Several viruses or virus-like particles could be demonstrated in affected reptiles mainly by electron microscopy. Especially herpesviruses seem to attack Chelonia and epizootics due to infections with these viruses were reported in several reptiles in collections. However, the etiological role of the agents detected is not well documented yet. Journal Article Aho, A.C.;Donner, K.;Reuter, T. 1993 Retinal Origins of the Temperature Effect on Absolute Visual Sensitivity in Frogs J Physiol-London 463 501-521 GANGLION-CELLS; RANA-TEMPORARIA; TOAD; ADAPTATION; NOISE; RODS; PERFORMANCE; EVENTS; DEPENDENCE Journal Article Aitchison, N. 1993 Sea turtles in Zanzibar Mar. Turtle Newsl. 63 16-17 Journal Article Albano, R.M.;Groome, N.;Smith, J.C. 1993 Activins Are Expressed in Preimplantation Mouse Embryos and in ES and EC Cells and Are Regulated on Their Differentiation Development 117 2 711-723 Mouse; Preimplantation Embryos; Es Cells; Activin; Inhibin; TERATOCARCINOMA STEM-CELLS; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; EARLY AMPHIBIAN DEVELOPMENT; OVARIAN FOLLICULAR-FLUID; MESODERM-INDUCING FACTOR; EARLY XENOPUS-EMBRYOS; BETA-B SUBUNITS; VISCERAL ENDODERM; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; CARCINOMA-CELLS Journal Article Alberts, Allison 1993 Lizard talk Vivarium 4 6 12-14 communication Journal Article Alberts, Allison C.;Phillips, John A.;Werner, Dagmar I. 1993 Sources of intraspecific variability in the protein composition of lizard femoral gland secretions Copeia 1993 3 775-781 iguana Journal Article Alberts, Allison 1993 The most endangered lizard in the world: the Jamaican iguana, Cyclura collei Vivarium 5 1 12-14;30 conservation captive breeding programs Journal Article Alberts, Allison 1993 Lizard tough guys Vivarium 5 2 24-25;30 Cyclura nubila Journal Article Alberts, Allison 1993 Hatching lizards at home Vivarium 5 3 24-25;33 Journal Article Alberts, Allison C. 1993 Relationship of space use to population density in an herbivorous lizard Herpetologica 49 4 469-479 Dipsosaurus dorsalis Journal Article Aldridge, Robert D. 1993 Male reproductive anatomy and seasonal occurrence of mating and combat behavior of the rattlesnake Crotalus v. viridis Journal of Herpetology 27 4 481-484 Journal Article Aleinikova, T.V.;Koshlykova, N.A.;Melkovskaya, T.V. 1993 Simultaneous Spatio-Temporal Encoding of Several Parameters of Visual Stimuli by the Frog Cerebral Neurons Biofizika 38 2 339-343 TOAD Journal Article Alford, R. A.;Jackson., G. D. 1993 Do cephalopods and the larvae of other taxa grow asymptotically? American Naturalist 141 717-728 Journal Article Alibardi, L.;Wibel, R.;Simpson, S.B. 1993 Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Observations on the Central Canal of the Regenerating Tail Spinal Cord in the Lizard Anolis carolinensis Boll Zool 60 3 245-252 Sauria-Lizards; Tail Regeneration; Spinal Cord; Electron Microscopy Journal Article Alifanov, Vladimir 1993 Some peculiarities of the Cretaceous and Palaeogene lizard faunas of the Mongolian People's Republic Kaupia 3 9-13 Book Aljancic, Marko;Bulog, Boris;Kranjc, Andrej;Josipovic, Drasko;Sket, Boris;Skoberne, Peter 1993 Proteus: the mysterious ruler of Karst darkness Ljubljana, Slovenia Vitrum 75 Proteus anguinus Journal Article Allen, M. E.;Oftedal, O. T.;Ullrey, D. E. 1993 Effect of dietary calcium concentration on mineral composition of fox geckos (Hemidactylus garnoti) and Cuban tree frogs (Osteopilus septentrionalis) J Zoo Wildlife Med 24 2 118-128 Reptilia, sauria, fox gecko,Hemidactylus garnoti, pathology, food, feeding, skeleton The effects of two dietary calcium levels were evaluated in fox geckos (Hemidactylus garnoti) and Cuban tree frogs (Osteopilus septentrionalis). Individually housed geckos (n = 13) and frogs (n = 23) were fed for 7 mo on crickets that were manipulated to be either high (HiCa) or low (LoCa) in calcium concentration. Crickets in the HiCa treatment contained 1.26% calcium (Ca) and 0.89% phosphorus (P) on a dry matter basis (DMB), as compared with 0.23% Ca and 0.82% P (DMB) in LoCa crickets. At the end of the experiment, Ca and P concentrations of the frogs and geckos were analyzed. Geckos maintained on HiCa crickets contained more Ca (4.02% DMB) than did geckos fed LoCa crickets (3.43% DMB), but there were no differences in P concentrations. However, even HiCa geckos contained less Ca and P than did geckos that died before the experiment was begun (5.22% Ca, 2.18% P DMB). The decline in body Ca and P concentration may relate to the large amounts of Ca and P invested in egg production by some animals, as well as a lack of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation needed for vitamin D synthesis. Radiographic evaluation did not reveal any differences between HiCa and LoCa geckos in bone density or endolymphatic Ca stores. Dietary treatment did not produce differences in Ca, P, or radiographic appearance of the tree frogs, but there was a significant difference between males and females in Ca concentration (males, 4.7%; females, 3.5% DMB). No sexual difference in Ca concentration was found among wild-caught tree frogs (five males, 14 females). Although geckos and tree frogs responded differently to dietary Ca, we recommend that crickets or other insects be supplemented with Ca when used as food for reptiles and amphibians. Other factors such as water quality, UV light, photoperiod, transpiration, and reproductive status may also influence Ca homeostasis. Journal Article Allison, Casey 1993 If not pets...then what? Amateur Herpetoculturist 2 1 7-8;11 Thesis Allsteadt, J. 1993 Incubation temperature affects body size, energy reserves, and sex of hatchling alligators Journal Article Alt, Noel;Alt, Claire 1993 The Chacoan burrowing frog, Chacophrys pierotti: to prove a frog Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 8 161-163 Journal Article Altamirano Alvarez, Tizoc;Mendoza Quijano, Fernando;Marmolejo Santillán, Yolanda;García Collazo, Rodolfo 1993 Senticolis triaspis intermedius (Boettger), Colubridae. Un nuevo registro para el Stado de Hidalgo, México; con comentarios en su distribución Boletín de la Sociedad Herpetológica Mexicana 5 1 6-8 Distribution; Senticolis triaspis intermedius; Hidalgo; Mexico Journal Article Altamirano Alvarez, Tizoc;Mendoza Quijano, Fernando;Marmolejo Santillán, Yolanda;Garcia Collazo, Rodolfo 1993 Senticolis triaspis intermedius (Boettger), Colubridae, Un nuevo registro para el Estado de Hidalgo, México; con comentarios ensu distribución Boll. Soc. Herpetol. Mex. 5 1 6-8 Journal Article Altig, R.;Channing, A. Hypothesis - Functional Significance of Colour and Pattern of Anuran Tadpoles Herpetol J 3 2 73-75 Journal Article Altig, Ronn;Channing, Alan 1993 Hypothesis: Functional significance of colour and pattern of anuran tadpoles Herpetological Journal 3 2 73-75 schooling, antipredator interactions, protection Journal Article Altig, R.;Channing., A. 1993 Hypothesis: functional significance of colour and pattern of anuran tadpoles Herpetological Journal 3 73-75 Journal Article Alvarado, Javier;Figueroa, Alfredo;Delgado, Carlos;Sanchez, Marco T.;Lopez, Edmundo 1993 Differential retention of metel and plastic tags on the black sea turtle (Chelonia agassizi) Herpetological Review 24 1 23-24 marking tags mydas Journal Article Alvarado, J.;Figueroa, A.;Delgado, C.;Sanchez, M.T.;Lopez, E. 1993 Differential retention of metal and plastic tags on the black sea turtle (Chelonia agassizi) Herpetological Reveiw 24 1 23-24 tagging; green Journal Article Alvarez, Bef 1993 Structural and ultrastructural study of the Meissner plexus in amphibians, Rana temporaria Histol Histopathol 8 4 685-697 Amphibia, anura, Rana temporaria, anatomy, Meissner plexus, structure, ultrastructure A study of the submucous, periglandular and intravillous plexus of the frog has been carried out with light microscopy and conventional electron microscopy. The existence of a true Meissner plexus, with light microscopy, as well as the existence of sensitive-like structures, with light and electron microscopy have been demonstrated in the frog. Journal Article ALVES DE MATOS, A.P.;PAPERNA, I. 1993 Ultrastructure of erythrocytic virus of the south African anuran Ptychadena anchietae. Dis. Aquat. Org. 15 In press Amphibia, anura, Ptychadena anchietae, infection, virus, iridovirus The virus was identified by electron microscopy. There was no evidence of productive infection in non-erythrocytic cells. Reprint Endnote 93/649 Journal Article Amiche, M.;Ducancel, F.;Lajeunesse, E.;Boulain, J.C.;Menez, A.;Nicolas, P. 1993 Molecular Cloning of a cDNA Encoding the Precursor of Adenoregulin from Frog Skin - Relationships with the Vertebrate Defensive Peptides, Dermaseptins Biochem Biophys Res Commun 191 3 983-990 AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; MAGAININS; RNA Journal Article Anderson, C.W. 1993 The Modulation of Feeding Behavior in Response to Prey Type in the Frog Rana pipiens J Exp Biol 179 1-12 Frog; Feeding; Behavior; Kinematics; Rana-Pipiens; FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY; CICHLID FISHES; BUFO-MARINUS; MECHANISM; TONGUE; REPERTOIRES; KINEMATICS; HYPOTHESES; CAPTURE; SYSTEM Journal Article Anderson, Steven C. 1993 A note on the syntopic occurence of three species of Teratoscincus in eastern Iran Dactylus 1 4 8-10 microlepis scincus keyserlingii stenodactylus bedriagai Journal Article Anderson, Allen 1993 Captive husbandry and reproduction of the African Fat-tailed gecko, Hemitheconyx caudicinctus Dactylus 2 1 12-16 Book Section Anderson, Roger A. 1993 An analysis of foraging in the lizard, Cnemidophorus tigris Wright, John W. and Vitt, Laurie J. Biology of Whiptail Lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus) Norman, OK Oklahoma Museum of Natural History 83-116 Journal Article Anderson, I. 1993 Keep Taking the Frog Skin New Sci 140 1894 10 Journal Article Anderson, I. 1993 Rogue Crocodile Bites Hole in Lead Study New Sci 138 1873 8 Journal Article Anderson, R.B. 1993 424 wary points of light Nat. Hist. 102 92-93 AM, eyeshine, Journal Article Anderson, I. 1993 Rogue crocodile bites hole in lead study New Scientist 138 8. attack, Journal Article Andreadis, P. T.;Burghardt, G. M. 1993 Feeding behavior and an oropharyngeal component of satiety in a two- headed snake Physiol Behav 54 4 649-58 Animal; Colubridae/*physiology; Deglutition/physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Growth/physiology; Head/*abnormalities; Mice; Motivation; Oropharynx/*physiology; Satiety Response/*physiology; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Tongue/physiology We studied the feeding behavior of a dicephalous Black Rat Snake (Elaphe o. obsoleta) whose heads attack and ingest prey independently. Both heads were given satiation feedings with mouse prey at either 5- day intervals (1989, n = 16 feedings) or 9-11 day intervals (1990, n = 4 feedings). In 1989, a meal pattern was manifested as a negative correlation between total (left + right) meal size (g) and total size of the last meal. Meal sizes of the heads were consistently different (L > R) despite their apparently identical genotypes. We confirmed tongue-flicking rate and swallowing time as indices of satiety/hunger in each head. In order to test whether oropharyngeal stimulation is involved in satiation, we analyzed three measures: willingness to feed, and intrameal changes in swallowing, and tongue-flicking rates. Data for these tests were taken from experimental feedings in which one head was fed to satiation (first head) before the other head (second head) was fed. The second head generally did eat (8 of 10 experimental feedings) after the first head had become satiated. In addition, while the time to swallow a mouse generally increased as the snake neared satiety, swallowing time decreased significantly (p = 0.04) from the first head's last mouse to the second head's first mouse. Finally, in two of three feedings, the first head's tongue-flicking rate decreased before the second head's. These results, which take advantage of this unique animal, indicate that oropharyngeal stimulation is involved in meal termination. Journal Article Andreone, Franco;Dore, Bruno;Usai, Pasquale;Paraninfo, Adriana 1993 Skin morphology in larval, paedomorphic and metamorphosed alpine newts, Triturus alpestris apuanus Alytes 11 1 25-35 histology Journal Article Andreotti, Frank 1993 Notes on captive propagation and husbandry of the red-tail boa constrictor, Boa constrictor ssp Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 5 98-102 captivity breeding Journal Article Andreu, Gustavo Casas;Méndez de la Cruz, Fausto R. 1993 Canibalísmo-necrofagia en Crocodylus acutus Boletín de la Sociedad Herpetológica Mexicana 5 2 60-61 Canibalism; Carrion feeding; Necrophagy; Crocodylus acutus Journal Article Andrews, Harry V.;Tampal, Farida 1993 Current literature in Asian herpetology Hamadryad 17 December 56-69 Journal Article Andrews, Harry;Whitaker, Romulus 1993 Captive breeding of freshwater turtles and tortoises at the Centre for Herpetology/Madras Crocodile Bank Zoos' Print August 1993 12-15 Journal Article Annable, T. 1993 Vocalisation in Ramphotyphlops? Herpetofauna 23 1 40 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Pythons: care in captivity Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 3 6-7 molurus reticulatus liasis childreni cage feeding breeding diseases Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Salamanders surprise scientists Froglog 5 1 ambystoma californiense habits behavior Journal Article Anonymous 1993 The threatened Cagle's map turtle (Graptemys caglei) Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 4 6-7 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Ohio legislature proposes to ban all non-native animals Notes From NOAH 20 7 1 laws legislation Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Green Iguanas: care in captivity Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 5 6-7 iguana Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Ohio house bill 291 = no "non-native" wildlife Notes From NOAH 20 8 1-4 laws legislation Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Regal horned lizard Desert Monitor 23 4 17 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 More evidence crater is from meteor that killed off dinosaurs Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 10 6-7 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 USFWS publishes updated CITES list Notes From NOAH 21 1 1-7 endangered treatened species Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Lake Erie water snake & Northern copperbelly water snake proposed for treatened status Notes From NOAH 21 1 9-10 treatened species USFWS Journal Article Anonymous 1993 New Jersey moves to regulate snapping turtles Reptile & Amphibian magazine November/December 28-29 chelydra serpentina rana catesbieana clamitans laws legislation Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Get your photos published Reptile & Amphibian magazine November/December 48-49 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Reptile & Amphibian MAgazine index to issues 1-25 Reptile & Amphibian magazine November/December 104-107 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Management of amphibian populations Froglog 5 1-2 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Diagnostics, deaths and declines Froglog 5 2-3 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Herpetology in the 1990s Reptile & Amphibian Magazine March/April 44-45 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Another Draft of the UDWR species of special concern Intermontanus 2 4 2-3 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Stranger in paradise Cold Blooded News 20 11 3;9 boiga irregularis Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Salamanders tell scientists strange tales Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 11 9 ambystoma Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Snake mites: Their treatment and prevention Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 11 11-12 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Editorial exerpt: A case for significant deregulation of the keeping and taking of reptiles and frogs Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 5 8-9 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Why snakes are the symbol of healing Idaho Herp News 6 1 16 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Ancient footprints uncovered Idaho Herp News 6 1 18-19 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 NMHS field trip to Mills Canyon New Mexico Herpetological Society Newsletter 30 3 1-2 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Ohio Division of Wildlife seeks public input Notes From NOAH 21 1 15-17 survey Journal Article Anonymous 1993 A declaration concerning turtles and tortoises Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 12 11 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 The eighth meeting of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Reptilian Magazine 1 10 7-8 CITES endangered species Journal Article Anonymous 1993 An introduction to: The long-nosed tree snake (Ahaetulla prasinus) Reptilian Magazine 1 10 25-26 Ahaetulla prasinus Journal Article Anonymous 1993 The U.S. Endangered Species Act Notes From NOAH 21 3 1-4 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Froglog Review Notes From NOAH 21 3 9-10 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 A boost for Bufo boreas Froglog 8 2-3 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Litoria in Victoria Froglog 8 3 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 What is KARCH? Froglog 8 3 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 DAPCAN III Convened Froglog 8 4 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group 1993 membership list Chelonian Conservation and Biology 1 1 67-75 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Use of full spectrum ultra-violet lighting at the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Desert Monitor 26 6 10 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Tegus - care in captivity Desert Monitor 26 6 18-19 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Terrible turtle tots Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 10 13 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 [Excerpt from the Journal of Jonathan Carver and Related Documents] Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 8 17-22 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Proposal: Private registration of reptiles and amphibians especially endangered and threatened species Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 7 9-13 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Mediterranean tortoise diet British Association of Tortoise Keepers Magazine 14 4-10 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Centre gets the go-ahead on the Jamaican boa studbook Scales and Tales 7 3 1 epicrates subflavus Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Bengal monitors are endangered! Scales and Tales 7 4 1 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Conservation of reptiles on Madagascar is risky business Scales and Tales 7 4 2 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Roatán Island spiny-tailed iguana Iguana Times 2 1 7 ctenosaura oedirhina bakeri Journal Article Anonymous 1993 New Products: Cricket Diet plus Reptilian 2 1 6;30 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 An introduction to the leaf-tailed gecko (Uroplatus fimbriatus) Reptilian 2 1 24 Uroplatus fimbriatus Journal Article Anonymous 1993 The South Western herpetological Society: history and aims of the society Reptilian 2 1 28 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Seizures and prosecutions Reptilian 2 1 29-30 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Places to visit: Drayton Manor Park Zoo Reptilian 2 1 31-34 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Amphibiuan, reptile and Insect Association (A.R.I.A.) Reptilian Magazine 1 10 19 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Portsmouth Reptile & Amphibian Society Reptilian 1 7 31-32 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Reptiles from the past: Tyrannosaurus rex Reptilian 1 8 13 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 London Zoo: plans for the future Reptilian 1 8 15 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 British Herpetological Society Reptilian 1 8 19 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Wildlife officers accused of three murders Reptilian 1 8 32 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Herptile consultancy Reptilian 1 9 6 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 The Young Herpetologists Club (YHC) for young people aged 8-18 Reptilian 1 9 11 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Places to visit: Holidays Hill Reptiliary Reptilian 1 9 34 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Reptiles from the past: Stegosaurus Reptilian 1 9 36 Book Anonymous 1993 Latin-Chinese-English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles Beijing Science Press v + 329 Journal Article Anonymous 1993 Feeding problem in shield-nosed cobras T^Haru 7 1 33 Aspidelaps scutatus intermedius Book Anonymous 1993 A Guide to the Reptile Body Aurora, CO Reptile News Press 58 Journal Article Anthony, Carl D.;Wicknick, J. A. 1993 Aggressive interactions and chemical communication between adult and juvenile salamanders Journal of Herpetology 27 3 261-264 RED-BACKED SALAMANDER; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; BEHAVIOR; RECOGNITION; COMPETITION; SEX plethodon ouachitae spatial distribution ecology Journal Article Anthony, Carl D. 1993 Recognition of conspecific odors by Plethodon caddoensis and P. ouachitae Copeia 1993 4 1028-1033 Journal Article Anthony, Carl D.;Wicknick, Jill A. 1993 Plethodon ouachitae (Rich Mountain salamander). USA: Oklahoma Herpetological Review 24 4 152 Journal Article Antoniazzi, M.M.;Jared, C.;Pellegrini, C.M.R.;Macha, N. 1993 Epidermal Glands in Squamata - Morphology and Histochemistry of the Pre-Cloacal Glands in Amphisbaena Alba (Amphisbaenia) Zoomorphology 113 3 199-203 LIZARD Book Section Aplin, Ken;How, Ric 1993 A window west: a perspective on Western Australian herpetology Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 337-345 Journal Article Apperson, C.S.;Levine, J.F.;Evans, T.L.;Braswell, A.;Heller, J. 1993 Relative Utilization of Reptiles and Rodents as Hosts by Immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari, Ixodidae) in the Coastal Plain of North-Carolina, USA Experimental & Applied Acarology 17 10 719-731 Journal Article Arano, B.;Esteban, M.;Herrero, P. 1993 Evolutionary Divergence of the Iberian Brown Frogs Ann Sci Natur-Zool Biol Anim 14 2 49-57 R-Dalmatina; R-Iberica; R-Temporaria; Allozymes; Genetic Differentiation; Iberian Peninsula; RANA-AURORA; BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS; GENUS RANA; HETEROCHROMATIN; BOYLII Journal Article Arévalo, Elisabeth;Casas, Gustavo;Davis, Scott K.;Lara, Guillermo;Sites, Jack W., Jr 1993 Parapatric hybridization between chromosome races of the Sceloporus grammicus complex (Phrynosomatidae): Structure of the Ajusco transect Copeia 1993 2 352-372 Journal Article Arlen, Rob 1993 Alligators as music critics Cold Blooded News 20 11 4 Journal Article Arnaud, G.;Rodriguez, A.;Ortegarubio, A.;Alvarezcardenas, S. 1993 Predation by Cats on the Unique Endemic Lizard of Socorro Island (Urosaurus auriculatus), Revillagigedo, Mexico Ohio J Sci 93 4 101-104 Journal Article Arnold, Steven J.;Reagan, Nancy L.;Verrell, Paul A. 1993 Reproductive isolation and speciation in plethodontid salamanders Herpetologica 49 2 216-228 Journal Article Arnold, E. N. 1993 Comment - function of the mite pockets of lizards: an assessment of a recent attempted test Canadian Journal of Zoology 71 4 862-864 Book Section Arnold, Stevan J. 1993 Foraging theory and prey-size-predator-size relation in snakes Seigel, Richard A. and Collins, Joseph T. Snakes: Ecology & Behavior New York McGraw-Hill, Inc. 87-115 Book Section Arnold, S.J. 1993 Foraging Theory and Prey-Size-Predator-Size Relations in Snakes Seigel, R.A. and Collins, J.T. Snakes 1221 Ave of the Americas, New York, NY 10020 Mcgraw-Hill Book Co 87-115 Journal Article Arnold, E. N. 1993 Function of the mite pockets of lizards - An assessment of a recent attempted test - comment Can J Zool 71 4 862-864 Reptilia, sauria, gecko, Rhacodactylus sp., infection, acari, Neothrombicula, pocket On the basis of examining geckoes of the genus Rhacodactylus, Bauer et al. (A. M. Bauer, A. P. Russell, and N. R. Dollahon. 1990. Can. J. Zool. 68: 1196-1201) found no support for the hypothesis that mite pockets of lizards serve to concentrate chiggers, the larvae of trombiculid mites, and limit the damage they do. However, this claim can be shown to arise from insufficient observations. Further arguments that ectoparasite concentration does not confer advantages are also shown to be unsubstantiated. Journal Article Arosemena, F.A.;Ibanez, R. 1993 A New Species of Anolis (Squamata, Iguanidae) of the Fuscoauratus Group from Fortuna, Panama Revista de Biologia Tropical 41 2 267-272 Reptilia; Squamata; Sauria; Iguanidae; Fuscoauratus Group; Anolis-Fortunensis; Panama Journal Article Arribas Amo, Oscar J. 1993 Estatus específico para Lacerta (Archaeolacerta) monticola bonnali Lantz, 1927 (Reptilia, Lacertidae) [Specific status for Lacerta (Archaeolacerta monticola bonnali Lantz, 1927 (Reptilia, Lacertidae)] Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.) 90 1-4 101-112 Book Section Arteaga, A. 1993 Repoblamiento del embalse de Tacarigua (Edo Falco, Venezuela) con caimanes de la costa (Crocodylus acutus) criados de cautiverio Zoocria de los Crocodylia. Memorias de la I Reunion Regional del CSG, Grupo de Especialistas een Cocodrilos de la UICN: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN 2-8317-01-47-3. 263-269 Journal Article Askew, James Moss, Jr. 1993 An external support device for turtle skull repair Herpetological Review 24 1 25-26 terrapene carolina bauri surgery injury reconstruction Journal Article Assmann, Otto;Drobny, Manfred;Beutler, Axel 1993 Zur Situation der schlingnatter (Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768) in Südbayern: lebensräume, gefährdung und schutz [The smooth snake (Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768) in Southern Bavaria (Germany): habitat, threats and conservation] Mertensiella 3 83-90 Coronella austriaca; Southern Bavaria; Habitat; Threats; Conservation Journal Article Atamanczyk, John 1993 Captive breeding of bull snakes Intermontanus 2 4 5 pituophis melanoleucus sayi Journal Article Aubert, A.;Bernard, C.;Vaudry, H. 1993 Effects of Modifications of Extracellular and Intracellular Calcium Concentrations on the Bioelectrical Activity of the Isolated Frog Semicircular Canal Brain Res 607 1-2 301-306 Vestibular Dysfunction; Semicircular Canal; Electrophysiological Recording; Calcium Ionophore-A23187; Calcium Reduction; VERTEBRATE HAIR CELL; LATERAL-LINE ORGAN; RANA-CATESBEIANA; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; BULL-FROG; SYSTEM; POTENTIALS; MODULATION; FREQUENCY; MESSENGER Journal Article Auffenberg, Walter;Rehman, Hafizur 1993 Studies on Pakistan reptiles. Pt. 3. Calotes versicolor Asiatic Herpetological Research 5 14-30 lacertilia agamidae agama taxonomy Journal Article Augert, D.;Joly., P. 1993 Plasticity of age at maturity between two neighbouring populations of the common frog (Rana temporaria L) Canadian Journal of Zoology 71 26-33 Journal Article Austin, L.A.R.;Rice, S.J.;Baldo, G.J.;Lange, A.J.;Haspel, H.C.;Mathias, R.T. 1993 The cDNA Sequence Encoding the Major Intrinsic Protein of Frog Lens Gene 124 2 303-304 Lens Membrane Protein; Rana-Pipiens; Gap Junction; Recombinant DNA; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MIP; CLONING Book Section Australian Society of Herpetologists, Inc 1993 A.S.H. policy on conservation Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 108 Journal Article Avery, J.W.;Shafagati, A.;Turner, A.;Wheeler, J.W.;Weldon, P.J. 1993 beta-Springene in the Paracloacal Gland Secretions of the Smooth-Fronted Caiman (Paleosuchus trigonatus) Biochem Syst Ecol 21 4 533-534 Paracloacal Glands; Beta-Springene; Smooth-Fronted Caiman; Paleosuchus-Trigonatus Journal Article Avery, Harold W.;Spotila, James R.;Congdon, Justin D.;Fisher, Robert U.;Standora, Edward A.;Avery, Susan B. 1993 Roles of diet protein and temperature in the growth and nutritional energetics of juvenile slider turtles, Trachemys scripta Physiological Zoology 66 6 902-925 FRESH-WATER TURTLE; PSEUDEMYS-SCRIPTA; DIGESTIVE EFFICIENCY; FOOD AVAILABILITY; BODY-TEMPERATURE; CARETTA-CARETTA; NUCLEAR-REACTOR; SEA TURTLES; HABITAT USE; ECOLOGY Journal Article Avery, R. A. 1993 Book Review: Handbook to Middle East Amphibians and Reptiles Amphibia-Reptilia 14 2 199 Journal Article Avery, Roger;Basker, Annabel;Corti, Claudia 1993 "Scan" behaviour in Podarcis muralis: the use of vantage points by an activitely foraging lizard Amphibia-Reptilia 14 3 247-260 Journal Article Avery, Roger A. 1993 Experimental analysis of lizard pause-travel movement: pauses increase probability of prey capture Amphibia-Reptilia 14 4 423-428 Journal Article Avery, Roger 1993 Book Review: Biology, status and management of the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus): a guide for conservation Amphibia-Reptilia 14 4 429 Journal Article Avery, H. W.;Spotila, J. R.;Congdon, J. D.;Fischer, R. U.;Standora, E. A.;Avery, S. B. 1993 Roles of diet protein and temperature in the growth and nutritional energetics of juvenile slider turtles, Trachemys scripta Physiol Zool 66 6 902-925 Reptilia, testudines, slider turtle, Trachemys scripta, food, feeding, protein, growth, digestion We determined the effects of dietary protein and T-a on growth rates, food consumption rates, digestion rates, and digestive efficiencies of juvenile slider turtles (Trachemys scripta). Results from this study provide a clearer understanding of how these environmental factors interact in influencing body sizes and growth rates of individuals in wild slider turtle populations. Changes in plastron length, carapace length, and body mass were significantly greater for T. scripta eating 25% and 40% crude protein diets than for those eating 10% crude protein. Those consuming 10% crude protein showed significant decreases in body mass and plastron length over a 13-wk period. Individuals at T-a's of 15 degrees, 22 degrees, 28 degrees, or 34 degrees C had food ingestion rates (kJ wk(-1)) that increased markedly with an increase in T-a. Increasing dietary crude protein concentration increased turtle ingestion rates and influenced the positive effect of T-a. Increasing dietary crude protein concentration alone did not significantly affect turtle consumption rates bur did significantly influence the positive effect of T-a. Digestive efficiencies were very high (because of the pelleted diet). Those turtles that ate at 15 degrees C had a digestive efficiency of 99.5%, as compared with 98.3% at 22 degrees C, 94.8% at 28 degrees C, and 95.8% at 34 degrees C. Dietary protein concentration did not influence the digestive efficiencies of T. scripta. These data suggest that dietary protein is an important nutritional component to the growth of juvenile slider turtles and that elevated thermal conditions, combined with a high dietary protein availability, may explain the very high growth rates of slider turtles in some wild populations. Reprint Endnote 94/90 Journal Article Avery, Roger A. 1993 Experimental analysis of pause-travel movement: pauses increase probability of prey capture Amphibia-Reptilia 14 423-427 Journal Article Avery, R. 1993 The relationship between disturbance, respiration rate and feeding in common lizards (Lacerta vivipara) Herpetol J 3 4 136-139 Reptilia, sauria, common lizard, Lacerta vivipara, physiology, food, feeding, disturbance, respiration rate Slightly disturbing captive common hazards, Lacerta vivipara, by movement and noise while they are basking in laboratory arenas resulted in an increase in respiration frequency (R(f)) and a decrease in the probability that a lizard would respond to the introduction of a potential prey item. Two categories of prey (crickets and mealworms) were presented at three locations defined in relation to the snout of a lizard; there were clear negative correlations between R(f) and probability of feeding in all cases. Respiration frequency can thus be used as a means for determining whether a lizard in a feeding trial has been diverted by extraneous stimuli. This is important in investigations of foraging efficiency in relation to perceptual fields and movement patterns, in which it is necessary to know that experimental animals have not been diverted in this way. Journal Article Avery, J.W.;Shafagati, A.;Turner, A.;Wheeler, J.W.;Weldon, P.J. 1993 Beta-Springene in the paracloacal gland secretions of the smooth-fronted caiman (Paleosuchus trigonatus) Biochem. System. Ecol. 21 4 533-534 PT, biochemistry, olfaction, Journal Article Avery, Harold W.;Spotila, James R.;Congdon, Justin D.;Fischer, Robert U.;Standora, Edward A.;Avery, Susan B. 1993 Role of diet protein and temperature in the growth and nutritional energetics of juvenile slider turtles, Trachemys scripta Physiological Zoology 66 6 902-925 Journal Article Ayarzagüena, J.;Señaris, J. C. 1993 Dos nuevas especies de Hyla (Anura; Hylidae) para los cumbres Tepuyanas del Estado Amazonas, Venezuela Memoria, Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle LIII 139 127-146 Anura, Hylidae, Hyla aromatica, Hyla inparquesi, new species, Tepuy, Venezuela, morphology, description, frog Journal Article Azuma, M.;Irie, T.;Seki, T. 1993 Retinals and retinols Induced by estrogen in the blood plasma of Xenopus laevis J Exp Biol Amphibia, physiology, Xenopus laevis, estrogen, retinal, retinol, induction, Injection of estrogen into male Xenopus laevis induced the appearance of retinals (retinal and 3- dehydroretinal) and a considerable increase in the amount of retinols (retinol and 3-dehydroretinol) in the blood plasma. These retinoids were mainly in the all- trans form. Without estrogen injection, retinols were normally found in the blood plasma of both males and females, but only trace amounts of retinals were detected and these were restricted to the plasma of females. The proteins in the blood plasma of estrogen-injected males were separated into two fractions. One fraction included vitellogenin, the precursor of egg yolk proteins, and the other contained some plasma proteins other than vitellogenin. Retinals were detected in the former and retinols in the latter. It is suggested that retinals are bound to vitellogenin and are taken up into oocytes in the process of vitellogenesis. Journal Article Baard, E.H.W.;Mouton, P.L.N. 1993 A Hypothesis Explaining the Enigmatic Distribution of the Geometric Tortoise, Psammobates geometricus, in South Africa Herpetol J 3 2 65-67 Journal Article Baby, J.;Oommen, O. V. 1993 Cortisol and hepatic intermediary metabolism in lower vertebrates: A comparative study in a teleost Anabas testudineus and an apodan amphibian Gegeneophis carnosus Journal of Reproductive Biology and Comparative Endocrinology 5 1-2 44-50 Gegeneophis Carnosus; Anabas Testudineus; Dna; Rna; Protein; Alanine Aminotransferase; Aspartate Aminotransferase The comparative study on the effects of cortisol induced changes in the concentration of nucleic acids and proteins, and specific activities of aminotransferases were studied In the fish Anabas testudineus and the amphibian, Gegeneophis carnosus. Administration of two doses of cortisol (2 mu-g and 5 mu-g/animal) significantly increased the protein and RNA concentrations in the liver of both Anabas and Gegeneophis. However, the DNA concentration remained unaltered in Anabas while it decreased in Gegeneophis treated with the higher dose (5 mu-g) of hormone. The activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in Anabas and Alanine aminotransferase in Gegeneophis were significantly increased after hormone administration. However, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase was reduced by 5 mu-g of hormone administration in Gegeneophis. These observations help to suggest that cortisol has an anabolic effect and stimulates gluconeogenesis in the liver of these two species of lower vertebrates. Journal Article Baccari, G. C.;Minucci, S.;Dimatteo, L. 1993 The orbital glands of the terrapin Pseudemys scripta in response to osmotic stress - A light and electron microscope study J Anat Reptilia, testudines, Trachemys scripta, physiology, stress, osmosis, orbital gland The histochemical and ultrastructural features of both orbital glands-the anterior lacrimal and harderian glands-were compared in the terrapin Pseudemys scripta following adaptation either to distilled water or to seawater. Seawater adaptation activated the harderian gland and caused a major structural reorganisation. Type I cells increased in number, whereas type II cells became smaller and less numerous. The most striking change was shown by the type IV cells which display the features of a salt-secreting cell. This cell type increased in number and changed from a unicellular form to multicellular complexes. Transfer from fresh water to distilled water caused a decrease in alcianophilia in type I and type III glandular cells and degenerative phenomena were often seen in type I and type IV cells. The anterior lacrimal gland showed only minor changes either in distilled or seawater adapted terrapins. Transfer to distilled water also caused degenerative phenomena in the lacrimal gland. These results establish for the first time the involvement of the harderian gland of a terrapin in osmoregulation. Journal Article Bacchus, Syndey T.;Richter, Klaus;Moler, Paul 1993 Xenopus laevis (African Clawed Frog). USA: Colorado Herpetological Review 24 2 65 geographic distribution Journal Article Bacchus, M. 1993 Frog in the Rock New Sci 138 1871 50 Journal Article Backner, Brian P. 1993 Insect repellents: a primer for field work Idaho Herp News 6 3 6-9 Journal Article Backwell, P.R.Y.;Jennions, M.D. 1993 Mate Choice in the Neotropical Frog, Hyla ebraccata - Sexual Selection, Mate Recognition and Signal Selection Anim Behav 45 6 1248-1250 Journal Article Backwell, P. R. Y.;Jennions, M. D. 1993 Mate choice in the Neotropical frog, Hyla ebraccata: sexual selection, mate recognition and signal selection. Animal Behaviour 45 1248-1250 Amphibia, anuran communication, Hylidae, Hyla ebraccata, sexual selection Journal Article Bagnara, J.T.;Fernandez, P.J. 1993 Hormonal Influences on the Development of Amphibian Pigmentation Patterns Zool Sci 10 5 733-748 CELL STIMULATING ACTIVITY; LEOPARD FROG; RANA-PIPIENS; SKIN; MELANIZATION; CATFISH Journal Article Baily, R. M.;Christiansen, J. L. 1993 The early history and recent trends in Iowa herpetology Journal Iowa Academy of Science 100 3 83-86 Iowa, history, herpetology, trends, specimens Journal Article Bain, O.;Wanji, S.;Petit, G.;Paperna, I.;Finkelman, S. 1993 Splendidofilariinae Found in Lizards - New Species, Revision and Cycle in Phlebotomus Syst Parasitol 26 2 97-115 Journal Article Bain, O;Wanji, S.;Petit, G.;Paperna, I.;Finkelman, S 1993 Filaria Splendidofilariinae from lizards: new species, redescription, cycle in phlebotomes Filaires Splendidofilariinae de lézards : nouvelles espèces, rédescription, cycle chez phlébotome Syst. Parasitol 26 97-115 Reptilia, sauria, Mabuya quinquetaeniata, infection, helminth, nematode Reprint Endnote 93/668 Journal Article Baker, Lisa 1993 Development to entice snakes as well as people Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 12 6 Journal Article Baker, J.;Waights, V. 1993 The effect of sodium nitrate on the growth and survival of toad tadpoles (Bufo bufo) in the laboratory Herpetol J 3 4 147-148 Amphibia, anura, toad, Bufo bufo, tadpole, management, growth, sodium nitrate, survival Journal Article Balazs, G.H.;Fujioka, R.;Fujioka, C. 1993 Marine Turtle Faeces on Hawaiian Beaches Mar Pollut Bull 26 7 392-394 CHELONIA-MYDAS; GREEN TURTLE Journal Article Baldwin, A.L.;Ferrer, P.;Rozum, J.S.;Gore, R.W. 1993 Regulation of Water Balance Between Blood and Lymph in the Frog, Rana-Pipiens Lymphology 26 1 4-18 SINGLE MUSCLE CAPILLARIES; PUMPING ACTIVITY; BUFO-MARINUS; PLASMA; TRANSPORT; PRESSURE; AMPHIBIANS; FILTRATION; VESSELS; FORCES Journal Article Ball, James C. 1993 Book Review: Field Herpetology: Methods for the study of amphibians and reptiles in Minnesota Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 3 5 Journal Article Ball, James C. 1993 Herp hunting in Florida, May 15-28, 1993 Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 6 5-8 collecting Journal Article Ball, James C. 1993 Herp hunting in southern/central Florida Desert Monitor 23 4 27-31 Journal Article Ball, James C. 1993 Herp Hunting in southern/central Florida, 15-21 May 1993 Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 11 242-244 anolis carolinensis farancia thamnophis coluber nerodia sistrurus elaphe agkistrodon gastrophryne seminatrix crotalus acris hyla Journal Article Ball, James C. 1993 Hibernating snakes Desert Monitor 26 6 7-9 Journal Article Balsai, Michael J. 1993 Book Review: Australian snakes: A natural history Vivarium 5 1 10-11 Journal Article Balsai, Michael J. 1993 Leopard Geckos Reptile & Amphibian Magazine March/April 2-13 Eublepharis macularis captive care husbandry breeding Journal Article Balsai, Michael J. 1993 Book Review: A Practical Guide for feeding Captive Reptiles, and Captive Invertebrates: A Guide to Their Biology and Husbandry Vivarium 5 2 10-11 Journal Article Balsai, Michael J. 1993 Book Review: Gila Monster: Facts and Folklore of America's Aztec Lizard Vivarium 5 3 8-9;11 Journal Article Banks, Brian;Beebee, Trevor J. C.;Denton, Jonathan S. 1993 Long-term management of a natterjacktoad (Bufo calamita) population in southern Britain Amphibia-Reptilia 14 2 155-168 Book Section Banks, Chris B. 1993 A regional approach to managing reptiles and amphibians in Australian zoos Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 59-65 Book Section Baquero de Pedret, B.;Quero de Pena, M. 1993 Manejo del Programa de Zoocriaderos de la especie baba (Caiman Crocodilus) en Venezuela Zoocria de los Crocodylia. Memorias de la I Reunion Regional del CSG, Grupo de Especialistas een Cocodrilos de la UICN: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN 2-8317-01-47-3. 41-54 Book Section Baquero de Pedret, B.;Boede, E.O. 1993 Dermatitis en crias de caiman de la costa (Crocodilus acutus) en condiciones de cautivero Zoocria de los Crocodylia. Memorias de la I Reunion Regional del CSG, Grupo de Especialistas een Cocodrilos de la UICN: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN 2-8317-01-47-3. 31-40 Book Section Baquero de Pedret, B.;Seijas, A.E.;Chang, A. 1993 Valores de crecimiento en caiman de la costa (Crocodilus acutus) en condiciones de cautivero Zoocria de los Crocodylia. Memorias de la I Reunion Regional del CSG, Grupo de Especialistas een Cocodrilos de la UICN: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN 2-8317-01-47-3. 17-30 Journal Article Barber, M.J.;Trimboli, A.J.;Clark, M.;Young, C.;Neame, P.J. 1993 Purification and Properties of Alligator-Mississippiensis Cytochrome-c Arch Biochem Biophys 301 2 294-298 Journal Article Barber, M.J.;Trimboli, A.J.;Clark, M.;Young, C.;Neame, P.J. 1993 Purification and properties of Alligator mississippiensis cytochrome-C Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 301 2 294-298 AM, biochemistry, Cytochrome c has been purified to homogeneity from alligator liver (Alligator mississipiensis) using aluminum sulfate precipitation, CM- cellulose and gel-filtration chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC. The protein exhibited a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with an approximate molecular weight of 12,000 Da. Oxidized and reduced visible spectra yielded maxima at 408 (tau) nm and 315 (delta), 415 (tau), 520 (beta), and 550 (alpha) nm, respectively, while potentiometric titrations in the presence of dye-mediators yielded an Eo of +265 mV. N-terminal analysis of the protein yielded no sequence which indicates a blocked residue. A combination of amino acid sequencing, using peptides obtained from Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, endoproteinase Lys-C, and CNBr digests of the protein and total amino acid analyses, using equine and avian cytochromes c as standards yielded the primary sequence GDVEKGKKIFVQKCAQCHTVEKGGKHKTGPNLHGLIGRKTGQAPGFSYTEANKNKGITWGEETLMEYLE NPKKYIPGTKMIFAGIKKKPERADLIAYLKEATSN. Comparison with sequences of other cytochromes c indicated the closest similarity to cytochrome c from snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) with substitutions at five positions corresponding to residues 32 (His-->Asn), 44 (Glu-->Pro), 89 (Ala-->Pro), 100 (Asp-->Glu), and 104 (Lys-->Asn), respectively. The presence of Pro and Asn residues at positions 89 and 104, respectively, are unique to alligator cytochrome c. Journal Article Barbieri, Francesco;Tiso, Eugenio 1993 Nuove stazioni di Salamandrina terdigitata nell'Appennino settentrionale (Versante Padano) Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 21 383-385 Journal Article Barker, David G. 1993 Bold confidence and white boas Vivarium 4 4 20-22 Boa constrictor Journal Article Barlow, R.B.;Birge, R.R.;Kaplan, E.;Tallent, J.R. 1993 On the Molecular Origin of Photoreceptor Noise Nature 366 6450 64-66 PRIMARY PHOTOCHEMICAL EVENTS; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; EXTRACELLULAR PH; SCHIFF-BASE; RHODOPSIN; RETINA; TOAD; PERFORMANCE; SENSITIVITY; SYSTEM Journal Article Barnes, W.S. 1993 Extracellular Calcium and the Inotropic Effect of Cooling on Isolated Skeletal Muscle J Therm Biol 18 1 53-59 Skeletal Muscle; Temperature; Calcium; Isometric Contraction; LIGHT CHAIN PHOSPHORYLATION; FROG; MYOSIN; FIBERS; TEMPERATURE; EPINEPHRINE; RELEASE Journal Article Barnes, S.;Merchant, V.;Mahmud, F. 1993 Modulation of transmission gain by protons at the photoreceptor output synapse Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90 21 10081-5 alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/pharmacology; Ambystoma; Aminobutyric Acids/pharmacology; Animal; Calcium Channels/*physiology; Cones (Retina)/physiology; *Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro; Kainic Acid/pharmacology; Light; Membrane Potentials/drug effects; Photoreceptors/drug effects/*physiology; Protons; Quisqualic Acid/pharmacology; Receptors, Glutamate/physiology; Rods (Retina)/physiology; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Synapses/drug effects/*physiology; *Synaptic Transmission Synaptic transmission of the light response from photoreceptors to second-order cells of the retina was studied with the whole-cell patch- clamp technique in tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) retinal slices. Synaptic strength is modulated by extracellular pH in a striking manner: Light-sensitive postsynaptic currents in horizontal and bipolar cells were found to be exponential functions of pH, exhibiting an e-fold increase per 0.23 pH unit over the pH range from 7 to 8. Calcium channel currents in isolated photoreceptors were measured and also exhibited proton sensitivity. External alkalinization from pH 7 to 8 shifted the voltage dependence of channel activation negative by 12 mV. A model of the synaptic transfer function suggested that presynaptic Ca channels could be the primary sites of proton action. Increased Ca influx and transmitter release brought about by alkalinization give rise to larger postsynaptic currents. These results suggest that activity-dependent interstitial pH changes known to occur in the retina, while not alleviating signal clipping at this synapse, may provide an adaptative mechanism controlling gain at the photoreceptor output synapse. Journal Article Barnett, Brain 1993 My say Monitor: Bulletin of the Victorian Herpetological Society Inc. 5 2 40-50 Journal Article Baron, J.P.;Ferriere, R.;Saintgirons, H. 1993 The Morphological Differentiation of 4 French Populations of Vipera ursinii ursinii Bonaparte, 1835 Rev Suisse Zool 100 1 187-196 Reptilia; Viperidae; Vipera-Ursinii; Morphology; France Journal Article Baron, Jean-Pierre;Ferriere, Regis;Saint Girons, Hubert 1993 Differenciation morphologique de quatre popuations francaises de Vipera ursinii ursinii Bonaparte, 1835 (Reptilia, Viperidae) Revue suisse de Zoologie 100 1 187-196 Journal Article Baron, Jean-Pierre;Ferriere, Régis;Saint Girons, Hubert 1993 Différenciation morphologique de quatre populations françaises de Vipera ursinii ursinii Bonaparte, 1835 (reptilia, Viperidae) Revue Suisse de Zoologie 100 1 187-196 Journal Article Barrentine, C.D. 1993 Toads (Bufo boreas Baird & Girad) Obtain No Calories from Ingested Sphenophorus phoeniciensis Chittenden (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) Pan-Pac Entomol 69 1 15-17 Insecta; Bufo-Boreas; Sphenophorus-Phoeniciensis; Sphenophorus-Venatus-Vestitus; Curculionidae; Weevils; Billbugs; Toads; Fecal Pellets; Survival Journal Article Barrentine, C.D. 1993 Sphenophorus spp (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) Survive Multiple Passage Through the Digestive Tract of Western Toad (Bufo-Boreas) Coleopts Bull 47 1 19-20 Journal Article Barrentine, Carl D. 1993 Toads (Bufo boreas Baird & Girard) obtain no calories from ingested Sphenophorus phoeniciensis Chittenden (Coleoptera: Coleoptera) Pan-Pacific Entomologist 69 1 15-17 Journal Article Barrentine, Carl D. 1993 Sphenophorus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) survive passage through the digestive tract of western toad (Bufo boreas) The Coleoptera Bulletin 47 1 19-20 Journal Article Barret, Paul E. 1993 Habitat modeling for spotted frogs and western toads Idaho Herp News 6 2 10 rana pretiosa bufo boreas Journal Article Barreto, Claudia;Albrecht, Ralph M.;Bjorling, Dale E.;Horner, John R.;Wilsman, Norman J. 1993 Evidence of the growth plate and the growth of long bones in juvenile dinosaurs Science 262 2020-2023 Journal Article Barrie, M.T.;Castle, E.;Grow, D. 1993 Diseases of chameleons at the Oklahoma City Zoological Park Proceedings of the 1993 Annual Conference of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians reptilia, squamata, chamaeleonidae, Chameleo, pathology, review October 10-15, 1993St. Louis Book Section Barrington, David;corns, Tony 1993 fauna laws in South Australia Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 356-358 Journal Article Barrio, Isabel T. Mercadal de;Barrio, Alfonso 1993 Una nueva especie de Proceratophrys (Leptodactylidae) del nordeste de Argentina [A new species of Proceratophrys (Leptodactylidae) from northeast Argentina] Amphibia-Reptilia 14 1 13-18 Journal Article Barten, Stephen 1993 Ask the vet: scientific nomenclature Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 8 9 Journal Article Barten, Stephen L. 1993 Ask the Vet: Fecal examinations Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 10 10 Journal Article Barten, Stephen L. 1993 Ask The Vet: Euthanasia Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 12 7 Journal Article Barten, S.L. 1993 The Medical Care of Iguanas and Other Common Pet Lizards Vet Clin N Amer-Small Anim 23 6 1213-1249 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) nesting behavior Vivarium 4 4 27-29 Gopherus agassizii Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck;Fedorchak, Sheri;Borthwick, Sandra 1993 Interesting herp observations at Zion and Capitol Reef National Parks Intermontanus 2 5 2-3 masticophis crotalus viridis lutosus Utah sonora semiannulata sceloporus pituophis thamnophis cnemidophorus hypsiglena tantilla callisaurus Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Book Review: Snakes: Ecology and Behavior Intermontanus 2 5 5 Book Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Checklist of the amphibians & reptiles of Utah Logan, Utah Utah Association of Herpetologists Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Key to the amphibians of Utah Intermontanus 2 3 3-4 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Interpreting the Utah amphibians and reptile regulations (R608-3) Intermontanus 2 2 3 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 A new subspecies of gartersnake in Utah Intermontanus 2 1 1-2 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Nutritional composition of various foods for herbivorous reptiles Intermontanus 2 1 2-3 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Book Review: Biology, Snakes: Ecology & Behavior Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 11 10 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck 1993 Classification of the Boidae Sonoran Herpetologist 6 11 106 Journal Article Bartholomew, Breck;Lleyson, Cynthia 1993 Charina bottae (Rubber Boa). Food Herpetological Review 24 3 105-106 Book Bartholomew, Breck 1994 1993 Herpetological Index Logan, UT Bibliomania Bibliography Journal Article Bartlett, R. D. 1993 "Herping" Texas: The Gauadalupe River and Langtry. Part II Notes From NOAH 20 5 2-6 crotalus atrox rhinocheilus lecontei thamnophis marcianus coleonyx brevis gambelia wislizenii lampropeltis getula splendida captive care collecting Journal Article Bartlett, Richard 1993 Frogs & Toads on review Reptiles 1 1 22-25 Journal Article Bartlett, Richard 1993 Properly caring for true chameleons Reptiles 1 1 26-33 Journal Article Bartlett, R. D. 1993 A trio of Appalachian salamanders Reptile & Amphibian magazine November/December 31-41 plethodon yonahlossee petraeus Journal Article Bartlett, R. D. 1993 "Herping" Texas: The Gauadalupe River and Langtry. Part I Notes From NOAH 20 4 7-10 graptemys caglei barbouri versa lampropeltis alterna blairi mexicana crotalus lepidus sceloporus merriami cophosaurus texanus Journal Article Basford, Susan J. 1993 A sceloporus lizard population in southern New Jersey Sonoran Herpetologist 6 9 90-92 undulatus hyacinthinus Journal Article Bauer, A.M.;Russell, A.P.;Shadwick, R.E. 1993 Skin mechanics and morphology of 2 species of Pachydactylus (Reptilia, gekkonidae) S Afr J Zool 28 4 192-197 GECKOLEPIS-TYPICA REPTILIA; AUTOTOMY Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M. 1993 Second World Congress of Herpetology Literature review Herpetological Review 24 2 69-71 Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M. 1993 Book Review: Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia Herpetological Review 24 2 72-73 Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Russell, Anthony P;Dollahon, Norman R. 1993 Function of the mite pockets of lizards: a reply to E. N. Arnold Canadian Journal of Zoology 71 4 865-868 Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Russell, Anthony P.;Shadwick, Robert E. 1993 Skin mechanics and morphology of the gecko Teratoscincus scincus Amphibia-Reptilia 14 4 321-332 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 565 1-4 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger barbouri Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 566 1 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger georgeensis Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 568 1-2 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger hechti Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 569 1-2 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger lar Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 570 1-3 Journal Article Bauer, A. M.;Russell, A. P. 1993 Aristelliger praesignis Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 571 1-4 Journal Article BAUER, A. M.;RUSSELL, A. P.;DOLLAHON, N. R. 1993 Function of the mite pockets of lizards - Reply Can. J. Zool. 71 4 865-868 Reptilia, sauria, gecko, Rhacodactylus sp., infection, mite, Neotrombicula Arnold's critique misidentifies the goals of Bauer et al. (A. M. Bauer, A. P. Russell, and N. R. Dollahon, 1990. Can. J. Zool. 68: 1196-1201). Because Arnold's premise is that adaptation is responsible for the evolution of mite pockets, his arguments are necessarily panselectionist. Although available evidence regarding putative acarodomata is ambiguous, the argument of Bauer et al. that phylogenetic or structural constraint is responsible for the presence of integumentary pockets in at least some gekkonid lineages remains the most robust working hypothesis. Arnold's arguments regarding the damage-ameliorating function of mite pockets are not supported by data from either the hosts or the parasites. Reprint Endnote 93/466 Conference Proceedings Bauer, A.M. 1993 African-South American relationships: A perspective from the reptilia 244-288 Book Section Bauer, A. M. 1993 African-South American relationships: A perspective from the Reptilia Goldblatt, P. Biological Relationships between Africa and South America New Haven Yale University Press 244-288 reptiles, biogeography, phylogentic, diversity, abundance, Journal Article Bauer, Aaron 1993 Reptiles and amphibians of Australia Herpetological Review 24 2 69-73 Journal Article Bauer, Aaron;Good, David A.;Günther, Rainer 1993 An annotated type catalogue of the caecilians and salamanders (Amphibia: Gymnophiona and Caudata) in the Zoological Museum, Berlin Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 69 2 285-306 Amphibia, Caudata, Gymnophiona, type catalogue Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Sadler, Roass A. 1993 Systematics, biogeography and conservation of the lizards of New Caledonia Biodiversity Letters 1 107-122 Lizards, New Caledonia, phylogeny, historical biogeography conservation Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Russell, Anthony P.;Dollahon, Norman R. 1993 Function of the mite pockets of lizards: A lizard to E. N. Arnold Can. J. Zool. 71 865-868 Rhacodactylus Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Sadlier, Ross A. 1993 Systematics, biogeography and conservation of the lizards of New Caledonia Biodiversity Letters 1 107-122 Journal Article Bauer, Aaron M.;Russell, Anthony P. 1993-1996 A living plenosaur?: A critical assessment of the description of Cadborosaurus willsi Cryptozoology 12 1-18 Journal Article Baumann, Mark 1993 The Pacific treefrog (Hyla regilla) Vivarium 4 4 32-33 Hyla regilla; cadaverina; versicolor, cinerea; arenicolor; Pseudacris regilla Journal Article Baverstock, P. R.;King, D.;King, M.;Birrell, J.;Krieg, M. 1993 The evolution of species of the Varanidae - Microcomplement fixation analysis of serum albumins Aust J Zool 41 6 621-638 Reptilia, sauria, varanidae, blood, serum, values Phylogenetic relationships among 30 of the 40 species in the Varanidae were examined in the light of molecular information on albumin evolution derived from microcomplement fixation. A phylogeny based on these results is compared with proposed phylogenies based on data obtained using other techniques. Three separate radiations of Varanus are found in Australia, The movement of varanids to Australia from south-east Asia is thought to have occurred approximately 15-20 million years ago. Journal Article Bavetz, Mark J. 1993 Plethodon glutinosus (Northern Slimy Salamander). USA: Illinois Herpetological Review 24 2 63 geographic distribution Journal Article Bavetz, Mark J. 1993 Thamnophis radix radix (Eastern Plains Garter Snake). USA: Illinois Herpetological Review 24 2 69 geographic distribution Journal Article Baxter, C.F.;Baldwin, R.A.;Lu, P.M.;Imaki, H.;Sturman, J.A. 1993 Taurine in Toad Brain and Blood Under Different Conditions of Osmolality - An Immunohistochemical Study Neurochem Res 18 4 425-435 Taurine; Osmolality; AMINO-ACID CONCENTRATIONS; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT-BRAIN; OSMOTIC REGULATION; GLUTAMATE; WATER; OSMOREGULATION; METABOLISM; ELEVATION; ASPARTATE Journal Article Bayless, Mark K. 1993 Reproductive notes on the black roughneck monitor lizard (Varanus rudicollis Gray, 1845) Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 11 16 Journal Article Beachy, Christopher K. 1993 Guild structure in streamside salamander communities: A test for interactions among larval Plethodontid salamanders Journal of Herpetology 27 4 465-468 Journal Article Beachy, C. K. 1993 Differences in variation in egg size for several species of salamanders (Amphibia: Caudata) that use different larval environments Brimleyana 18 71-82 egg size, salamander, environment Journal Article Beamish, F.W. 1993 Environmental Sex Determination in Southern Brook Lamprey, Ichthyomyzon gagei Can J Fisheries Aquat Sci 50 6 1299-1307 PETROMYZON-MARINUS; TEMPERATURE; FISH; AGE; ABUNDANCE; REPTILES; SUPERIOR; BIOLOGY; RATIO Journal Article Beane, Jeffery C.;Alford, Stanley L. 1993 Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum (Eastern Tiger Salamander). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 2 63 geographic distribution Journal Article Beane, Jeffery C.;Alford, Stanley L. 1993 Eurycea longicauda guttonlieata (Three-lined Salamander). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 2 63 geographic distribution Journal Article Beane, Jeffery C.;Alford, Stanley L. 1993 Hemidactylium scutatum (Four-toed Salamander). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 2 63 geographic distribution Journal Article Beane, Jeffery C.;Somers, Ann Berry 1993 Plethodon yonaholssee (Yonahlossee Salamander). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 2 63 geographic distribution Journal Article Beane, Jeffrey C.;Somers, Ann Berry 1993 Grynophilus porphyriticus (spring salamander). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 3 107 Journal Article Beane, Jeffrey C.;Somers, Ann Berry;Everhart, J. Richard 1993 Clemmys muhlenbergii (bog turtle). USA: North Carolina Herpetological Review 24 3 108 Journal Article Beane, Jeffrey C. 1993 A survey of bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii) habitat in the western Piedmont of North Carolina Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 11 240-242 Journal Article BEATTIE, R. C.;ASTON, R. J.;MILNER, A. G. P. 1993 Embryonic and larval survival of the common frog (Rana temporaria L.) in acidic and limed ponds Herpetol J 3 1 43-48 Amphibia, anura, Rana temporaria, breeding, environment, acidity, limestone Limestone was added to two acidic ponds in upland, northern England in an attempt to improve the survival of embryos and larvae of the common frog (Rana temporaria L.). As expected, the addition of limestone to the ponds resulted in a significant increase in both the pH and the dissolved calcium concentration of the pond water. Fertilization success of common frog eggs was approximately 87% in acidic water and increased to 100% following liming. Embryonic survival in the two acidic ponds increased from 0% and 22% to 69% and 93% respectively following liming. A year after liming, embryonic survival in one pond had decreased significantly from 93% to 79%. It was estimated that at least 2.1% of the eggs deposited in a limed pond gave rise to metamorphs. The environmental implications of liming acidic frog breeding ponds are discussed. Journal Article Beaupre, S.J.;Dunham, A.E.;Overall, K.L. 1993 The Effects of Consumption Rate and Temperature on Apparent Digestibility Coefficient, Urate Production, Metabolizable Energy Coefficient and Passage Time in Canyon Lizards (Sceloporus merriami) from 2 Populations Funct Ecol 7 3 273-280 Digestion; Reptiles Journal Article Beaupre, S.J. 1993 An Ecological Study of Oxygen Consumption in the Mottled Rock Rattlesnake, Crotalus lepidus lepidus, and the Black-Tailed Rattlesnake, Crotalus molossus molossus, from 2 Populations Physiol Zool 66 3 437-454 LIZARD SCELOPORUS-MERRIAMI; THERMAL PHYSIOLOGY; GARTER SNAKE; METABOLISM; TEMPERATURE; SIZE; SEX Journal Article Beaupre, S.J. 1993 An ecological study of oxygen consumption in the mottled rock rattlesnake, Crotalus lepidus, and the black-tailed rattlesnake,Cotalus molossus molossus, from two populations Physiol. Zool. 66 3 437-454 Reptilia, serpentes, mottled rock rattlesnake, Crotalus lepidus, black-tailed rattlesnake,Cotalus molossus molossus, physiology, ogygen consumption Reprint Endnote 93/656 Journal Article Beck, J.S.;Hurst, A.M.;Lapointe, J.Y.;Laprade, R. 1993 Regulation of Basolateral K Channels in Proximal Tubule Studied During Continuous Microperfusion Am J Physiol 264 3 Part 2 F496-F501 Sodium Transport; Membrane Potential; PH; Cell Volume; TRANSEPITHELIAL SODIUM-TRANSPORT; POTASSIUM CHANNELS; SELECTIVE CHANNELS; CONVOLUTED TUBULE; FROG KIDNEY; MEMBRANE; CELLS; CONDUCTANCE; INVITRO Journal Article Beck, Jonathan M. 1993 Habitat studies for snakes Idaho Herp News 6 2 10 hypsiglena rhinocheilus sonora aemiannulats torquatus lecontei Journal Article Bedford, Gavin;Christian, Keith 1993 Eggs size of the prickly knob-tailed gecko (Nephrurus asper, Günther, 1876) with a priliminary comparison of investment per progeny among geckos Dactylus 1 4 38-41 australia cage gehyra variegata heterontia binoei crytodactylus amictopholis Journal Article Bedford, Gavin S.;Sullivan, Trevor 1993 Observations of intra and interspecific aggression and possible mating hierarchy in the northern childrens python (Liasis childreni) Herpetofauna 23 2 10-12 stimsoni hybridization Book Section Bedford, Gavin S.;Christian, Keith A.;Griffiths, Anthony D. 1993 Preliminary investigations on the reproduction of the frillneck lizard Chlamydosaurus kingii in the Northern Territory Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 127-131 Journal Article Beebee, T.J.C.;Fleming, L.V.;Race, D. 1993 Characteristics of Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita) Breeding Sites on a Scottish Saltmarsh Herpetol J 3 2 68-69 Journal Article Beebee, Tjc;Fleming, L. V.;Race, D. 1993 Characteristics of Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita) Breeding Sites on a Scottish Saltmarsh Herpetol J 3 2 68-69 Journal Article Beehler, J.W.;Mulla, M.S. 1993 Effect of the Insect Growth Regulator Methoprene on the Ovipositional Behavior of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus J Amer Mosquito Contr Assn 9 1 13-16 SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; TADPOLE SHRIMP; TRISERIATUS; NOTOSTRACA; TRIOPSIDAE; MOSQUITOS Journal Article Beetschen, J.C.;Daguzan, C. 1993 Fertilization and Development of Axolotl Oocytes in Which Grey Crescent Formation Had Been Experimentally Elicited During Maturation C R Acad Sci [III] 316 8 730-735 Gray Crescent; Oocyte; Dorsoventral Polarity; SUBCORTICAL ROTATION; GRAY CRESCENT; XENOPUS EGGS; FROG EGGS; AXIS; SPECIFICATION; MICROTUBULES; GRAVITY; EMBRYOS Journal Article Behler, John L.;Pritchard, Peter C.H.;Rhodin, Anders G.J. 1993 Editorial: A new turtle and tortoise journal Chelonian Conservation and Biology 1 1 2 Journal Article Behler, John L.;Bloxam, Quentin M. C.;Rakotovao, Edmond R.;Randriamahazo, Herilala J. A. R. 1993 New localities for pyxis planicauda in west-central Madagascar Chelonian Conservation and Biology 1 1 49-51 Journal Article Behler, John 1993 Annual Report: Reptile Department staff Rep-Tales 1 4 4 Journal Article Behler, John 1993 Nixon Griffis remembered Rep-Tales 1 4 5 Journal Article Behler, J.L. 1993 That's a croc Wildl. Cons. 96 70-71 CPR, size, Journal Article Bell, Edwin L. 1993 Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus (Northern Fence Lizard). USA: Pennsylvania Herpetological Review 24 2 67 geographic distribution Journal Article Bell, Edwin L. 1993 Heterodon platirhinos (Eastern Hognose Snake). USA: Pennsylvania Herpetological Review 24 2 67 geographic distribution Journal Article Bels, V. L.;Goosse, Véronique;Kardong, K. V. 1993 Kinematic analysis of drinking by the lacertid lizard, Lacerta viridis (Squamates, Scleroglossa) Journal of Zoology, London 229 659-682 Journal Article Benbassat, J.;Shalev, O. 1993 Envenomation by Echis-Coloratus (Mid-East Saw-Scaled Viper) - A Review of the Literature and Indications for Treatment Isr J Med Sci 29 4 239-250 Echis; Envenomation; Antivenom Treatment; Decision Analysis; ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; CARPET VIPER; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; CARINATUS VENOM; SNAKE-BITE; NECROSIS; HEPARIN; THERAPY; TRIAL Journal Article Bender, C.;Streit, B. 1993 Application of random amplified polymorphic DNE in conservation biology of lizards Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges. 86 1 43 Journal Article Bennett, Daniel 1993 A review of some literature concerning the rough-necked monitor lizard Varanus rudicollis Reptilian 1 9 7-10 Varanus rudicolis Journal Article Benslimane, B.;Durettedesset, M.C. 1993 Description of 4 New Species of Oswaldocruzia-Travassos, 1917 (Nematoda, Trichostrongyloidea) Parasite from Ecuadorian Amphibians Rev Suisse Zool 100 1 113-136 Nematoda; Trichostrongyloidea; Oswaldocruzia N-spp; Amphibians; Ecuador Journal Article Beresford, W. A. 1993 Fibrous trabeculae in the liver of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) Ann Anatomy 175 4 357-359 Reptilia, sauria, crocodylia,Alligator mississippiensis, analomy, liver, fibrous trabeculae In the mature alligator, fibrous trabeculae run from the portal areas and capsule through the hepatic parenchyma. The extent of these trabeculae becomes clear only after staining for collagen with, for example, Fast green or Picrosirius red. The trabeculae are less well developed in young caiman. The alligator's liver might use the trabeculae to withstand thrashing of the body. Journal Article Beresford, W.A. 1993 Fibrous trabeculae in the liver of the alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) J. Anat. - Anat. Anzeiger 175 4 357-359 AM, anatomy, In the mature alligator, fibrous trabeculae run from the portal areas and capsule through the hepatic parenchyma. The extent of these trabeculae becomes clear only after staining for collagen with, for example, Fast green or Picrosirius red. The trabeculae are less well developed in young caiman. The alligator's liver might use the trabeculae to withstand thrashing of the body. Journal Article Bergallo, Helena Godoy;Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte 1993 Activity patterns and body temperatures of two sympatric lizards (Tropidurus torquatusand Cnemidophorus ocellifer) with different foraging tactics in southeastern Brazil Amphibia-Reptilia 14 3 312-315 Journal Article Bergallo, H. G.;Rocha, C. F. D. 1993 Activity patterns and body temperatures of two sympatric lizards (Tropidurus torquatus and Cnemidophorus ocellifer) with different foraging tactics in southeastern Brazil Amphibia-Reptilia 14 312-315 reptiles, lizards, thermal, foraging mode, Journal Article Berger, Leszek;Rybacki, Mariusz 1993 Growth an maturity of brown frogs, Rana arvalia and Rana temporaria, in central Poland Alytes 11 1 17-24 Journal Article Berrebi, P.;Cattaneoberrebi, G.;Lebrun, N. 1993 Natural Hybridization of 2 Species of Tetraploid Barbels - Barbus meridionalis and Barbus-Barbus (Osteichtyes, Cyprinidae) in Southern France Biol J Linn Soc 48 4 319-333 Duplicate Gene Expression; Isozymes; Biometry; DUPLICATE GENE-EXPRESSION; HYBRID ZONES; FISHES; NOTROPIS; ISOZYME; LOCUS; ANURA Report Berry, Kristin H. 1993 Answering questions about desert tortoises: A guide for people who work with the public in California Book Berry, Kristin H. 1993 Answering questions about desert tortoises: A guide for people who work with the public in California Riverside, CA Bureau of Land Management 43 Gopherus agassizii Journal Article Bertoni, Ribello 1993 Tomato frogs Reptile & Amphibian magazine November/December 50-53 dyscophus antongili insularis captive breeding reproduction Journal Article Beshkov, Vladimir A.;Buskirk], [translated by James R. 1993 [1984] On distribution, relative abundance and protection of tortoises in Bulgaria Chelonian Conservation and Biology 1 1 53-62 Journal Article Beutler, Axel;Assmann, Otto;Drobny, Manfred;Schilling, Detlef 1993 Die ringelnatter (Natrix natrix natrix Linnaeus, 1758) in Südbayern - bestandssituation, gefährdung und schutz [The grass snake (Natrix natrix natrix) in southern Bavaria] Mertensiella 3 171-180 Natrix natrix; Germany; Sutharn bavaria; Alpes; Danube; Pfaffenhofen; Biogeography; Protection; Status Book Bhaskar, Satish 1993 The status and ecology of sea turtles in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Mamallapuram Madras Crocodile Bank leatherback/olive ridley/conservation Journal Article Bhupathy, S.;Vijayan, V. S. 1993 Aspects of the feeding ecology of Lissemys punctata (Testudines: Trionychidae) in Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, India Hamadryad 18 13-16 diet scat analysis fecal Journal Article Bibikova, A.;Oron, U. 1993 Promotion of muscle regeneration in the toad (Bufo viridis) gastrocnemius muscle by low-energy laser irradiation Anat Rec 235 3 374-380 Amphibia, anura,Bufo viridis, physiology, muscle regeneration, laser The effect of low-energy laser (He-Ne) irradiation on the process of skeletal muscle regeneration after cold injury to the gastrocnemius muscle of the toad (Bufo viridis) was studied using quantitative histological and morphometric methods. The injured zones in the experimental toads were subjected to five direct He-Ne laser (632.8 nm wavelength) irradiations (6.0 mW for 2.3 min) every alternate day starting on the fourth day postinjury. Muscles that were injured as above, and subjected to red-light irradiation, served as a control group. Morphometric analysis was performed on histological sections of injured areas at 9, 14, and 30 days postinjury. At 9 days postinjury, mononucleated cells populated 69.3% +/-16.8% of the total area of injury. Thereafter, their volume fraction (percent of total injured zone) decreased gradually but more rapidly in the laser-irradiated muscle than in the control. The volume fraction of the myotubes in the laser-irradiated muscles at 9 days of muscle regeneration was significantly higher (7.0% +/- 2.2%) than in the control muscle (1.2% +/- 0.4%). Young myofibers in the laser- irradiated muscles populated 15.5% +/- 7.9% and 65.0% +/- 9.5% of the injured area at 9 and 14 days of muscle regeneration, respectively, while in control muscles these structures were not evident at 9 days and made up only 5.3% +/- 2.9% of the traumatized area at 14 days postinjury. The volume fraction of the young myofibers further increased by 30 days of muscle regeneration making up 75.7% +/- 13.2% of the traumatized area, while in the laser-irradiated muscles most of the injured zone was filled with mature muscle fibers. It is concluded that He-Ne laser irradiation during the regeneration process markedly promotes muscle maturation in the injured zone following cold injury to the toad gastrocnemius muscle. Journal Article Bickham, John W.;Hanks, Brian G.;Hale, David W.;Martin, John E. 1993 Ploidy diversity and the production of balanced gametes in male twist-necked turtles (Platemys platycephala) Copeia 1993 3 723-727 Journal Article Biella, Hans-Jürgen;Völkl, Wolfgang 1993 Die biologie der kreuzotter (Vipera berus, L. 1758) in Mitteleuropa - ein kurzer Überblick [The biology of the adder (Vipera berus) in Central Europe] Mertensiella 3 311-318 Vipera berus; Biology; Dinurnal activity; Sloughing intervals; Reproduction; Prey; Enemies; Population structure Journal Article Biesterfeldt, Jennifer M.;Petranka, James W.;Sherbondy, Shane 1993 Prevalence of chemical interference competition in natural populations of wood frogs, Rana sylvatica Copeia 1993 3 688-695 decline amphibian Journal Article Bigiani, A.;Roper, S. D. 1993 Identification of electrophysiologically distinct cell subpopulations in Necturus taste buds J Gen Physiol 102 1 143-70 Action Potentials/physiology; Animal; Calcium Channels/drug effects/metabolism; Cell Membrane/physiology; Electrophysiology; Epithelium/cytology; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro; Ion Channel Gating/drug effects; Necturus; Potassium Channels/drug effects/metabolism; Sodium Channels/drug effects/metabolism; Solutions; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Taste Buds/*cytology/*physiology; Tetraethylammonium Compounds/pharmacology; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology We used the patch clamp technique to record from taste cells in thin transverse slices of lingual epithelium from Necturus maculosus. In this preparation, the epithelial polarity and the cellular organization of the taste buds, as well as the interrelationships among cells within the taste bud, were preserved. Whole-cell recording, combined with cell identification using Lucifer yellow, allowed us to identify distinct subpopulations of taste cells based on their electrophysiological properties. Receptor cells could be divided in two groups: one group was characterized by the presence of voltage-gated Na+, K+, and Ca2+ currents; the other group was characterized by the presence of K+ currents only. Therefore, receptor cells in the first group would be expected to be capable of generating action potentials, whereas receptor cells in the second group would not. Basal taste cells could also be divided into two different groups. Some basal cells possessed voltage-gated Na+, K+, and Ca2+ conductances, whereas other basal cells only had K+ conductance. In addition to single taste cells, we were able to identify electrically coupled taste cells. We monitored cell- cell coupling by measuring membrane capacitance and by observing Lucifer yellow dye coupling. Electrical coupling in pairs of dye- coupled taste receptor cells was strong, as indicated by experiments with the uncoupling agent 1-octanol. Electrically coupled receptor cells possessed voltage-gated currents, including Na+ and K+ currents. The electrophysiological differentiation among taste cells presumably is related to functional diversifications, such as different chemosensitivities. Journal Article Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P.;Russell, Anthony P 1993 Effects of preservation on wing morphometry of the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) Journal of Zoology, London 230 141-158 Journal Article Birchard, G.F.;Reiber, C.L. 1993 A Comparison of Avian and Reptilian Chorioallantoic Vascular Density J Exp Biol 178 245-249 Reptile; Bird; Chorioallantois; Vascular Density; Gas Exchange; Chicken; Gallus-Gallus; Quail; Coturnix-Coturnix; Turtle; EGG; METABOLISM; HYPOXIA Journal Article Birkhead, T.R.;Moller, A.P. 1993 Sexual Selection and the Temporal Separation of Reproductive Events - Sperm Storage Data from Reptiles, Birds and Mammals Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 50 4 295-311 Reproductive Cycles; Sperm Competition; Reproductive Delays; FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; THAMNOPHIS-SIRTALIS; ANTECHINUS-STUARTII; VESPERTILIONID BAT; GARTER SNAKE; SPERMATOZOA; DURATION; COMPETITION; LIZARD; FERTILIZATION Journal Article Bishop, P. J.;Passmore, N. I. 1993 A new species of Arthroleptella Hewitt (Ranidae: Phrynobatrachinae) from the mist belt of the Natal highlands, South Africa Annals of the Transvaal Museum 36 3 17-20 New species; Natal highlands; South Africa; Arthroleptella ngongoniensis n. sp. Journal Article Bjorndal, K.A.;Bolten, A.B.;Lagueux, C.J. 1993 Decline of the Nesting Population of Hawksbill Turtles at Tortuguero, Costa-Rica Conservation Biology 7 4 925-927 Journal Article Bjorndal, K. A.;Bolten, A. B. 1993 Digestive efficiencies in herbivorous and omnivorous freshwater turtles on plant diets - Do herbivores have a nutritional advantage Physiol Zool 66 3 384-395 Reptilia, testudines, Trachemys scripta scripta, Pseudemys nelsoni, physiology, digestion, efficiency, herbivory, omnivory plant Digestive performances of two freshwater turtles-a herbivore and an omnivore-were compared on two diets of aquatic plants to test the prediction that the digestive efficiency (nutrient or energy gain per unit time) of herbivores is greater than that of omnivores on plant diets. On a diet of hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata, the herbivore gained significantly more nutrition from the diet on a daily basis, as a result of higher intake and more rapid digestive processing. When fed duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza, the two turtle species bad equivalent digestive performances. Thus, the herbivore did not consistently outperform the omnivore. The herbivore had greater digestive efficiency on a diet that was extensively fermented (hydrilla), but, on a diet that underwent limited microbial degradation (duckweed), the herbivore bad no nutritional advantage over the omnivore. Reprint Endnote 93/517 Journal Article Bjorndal, K. A.;Bolten, A. B.;Lagueux, C. J. 1993 Decline of the nesting population of hawksbill turtles at Tortuguero, Costa Rica Conservation Biology 7 4 925-927 hawksbill; conservation; Costa Rica Journal Article Blackburn, D.G. 1993 Chorioallantoic Placentation in Squamate Reptiles - Structure, Function, Development, and Evolution J Exp Zool 266 5 414-430 LIZARD SCELOPORUS-JARROVI; SNAKE THAMNOPHIS-ELEGANS; VIVIPAROUS LIZARD; GARTER SNAKE; VIRGINIA-STRIATULA; OXYGEN-AFFINITY; EXTRAEMBRYONIC MEMBRANES; NUTRITIONAL PROVISION; CROTAPHYTUS-COLLARIS; SPHENOMORPHUS-QUOYII Journal Article Blackburn, Daniel G. 1993 Standardized criteria for the recognition of reproductive modes in squamate reptiles Herpetologica 49 1 118-132 vivparity oviparity eumeces Journal Article Blackburn, D. G. 1993 Histology of the late-stage placentae in the matrotrophic skink Chalcides chalcides (Lacertilia, Scincidae) J Morphol 216 2 179-195 Reptilia, sauria, skink Lacertilia, Scincidae, Chalcides chalcides, anatomy, placenta, histology Examination of late-stage placental material of the lizard Chalcides chalcides from the Hubrecht Laboratorium (Utrecht, The Netherlands) reveals several cytological and histological specializations that appear to have been superimposed over a morphological pattern that is typical for squamates. The chorioallantoic placenta is highly vascularized and consists of a single mesometrial placentome and a generalized paraplacentomal region, both of which are epitheliochorial. The placentome is deciduate, and contains deeply interdigitating folds of hypertrophied uterine and chorioallantoic tissue. Chorionic epithelium lining the placentome comprises enlarged, microvilliated cells, a small proportion of which are diplokaryocytes. The placentomal uterine epithelium is not syncytial and consists of enlarged cells bearing microvilli. The yolk sac placenta is a true omphaloplacenta (sensu stricto), being formed by juxtaposition of uterine tissues to an avascular, bilaminar omphalopleure. Epithelium of the omphalopleure is stratified and is hypertrophied into papillae that project into detritus of the uterine lumen. The omphalopleure is separated from the yolk sac proper by a yolk cleft that is not confluent with the exocoelom and is not invaded by the allantois. Neither an omphalallantoic placenta nor a true choriovitelline placenta is present in late gestation. Morphologically, the mature placentae of C. chalcides are among the most specialized to have been described in reptiles, reflecting the substantial maternal-fetal nutrient transfer that occurs in this species. Journal Article Blackburn, D. G. 1993 Chorioallantoic placentation in squamate reptiles: structure, function, development, and evolution The Journal of Experimental Zoology 266 414-430 reptiles, reproduction, viviparity, eggs, Journal Article Blair, David W. 1993 Green Iguanas Reptiles 1 1 36-45 Journal Article Blair, Kathleen;Smith, Hobart M. 1993 Sceloporus undulatus consobrinus (Southern Prairie Lizard). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 2 67 geographic distribution Journal Article Blair, Kathleen;Smith, Hobart M. 1993 Sceloporus undulatus garmani (Northern Prairie Lizard). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 2 67 geographic distribution Journal Article Blair, Kathleen;Staley, James R., II;Smith, Hobart M. 1993 Elaphe guttata emoryi (Great Plains Rat Snake). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 2 67 geographic distribution Journal Article Blair, Kathleen B.;Smith, Hobart M. 1993 Leptotyphlops dulcis dulcis (plains blind snake). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 3 110 Journal Article Blair, Kathleen B.;Smith, Hobart M. 1993 Leptotyphlops dulcis dissectus (plains blind snake). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 3 110 Journal Article Blair, Kathleen B.;Smith, Hobart M.;Chiszar, David 1993 Tropidoclonion lineatum (lined snake). USA: Texas Herpetological Review 24 3 110-111 Journal Article Blair, David W. 1993 Fiji banded iguanas: jems of the south seas Iguana Times 2 1 2-6 brachylophus fasciatus vitiensis Journal Article Blake, Hugh 1993 The Texas rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri) Vivarium 4 6 15-18 Journal Article Blanford, Michael J. 1993 A checklist and key to the skinks of Central Africa Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 7 140-143 acontias feylinia cophoscincopus cryptoblepharus eumecia leptosiaphos lygosoma mabuya panaspis proscelotes melanoseps sepsina scelotes scolecoseps Journal Article Blasus, R. 1993 My 1993 Midwestern conference experience Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 11 9 Journal Article Blasus, Randy 1993 Review of "Jurassic Park" Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 13 7 14 Journal Article Blatchford, David R. 1993 Toads seek protection beneath a tarantula (article review) Notes From NOAH 20 5 15-16 gastrophryne olivacea thamnophis proximis symbiosis Journal Article Blatchford, Dave 1993 Mouse spit, snake worship, and cell culture Notes From NOAH 20 6 11-12 aesculapius elaphe longissima quatuorlineata Journal Article Blatchford, D. R. 1993 Review: La gran iguana de Mona Notes From NOAH 20 8 19-20 cyclura stejnegeri Journal Article Blatchford, David 1993 Dinosaurs: Surviving the extinctions Notes From NOAH 20 11 19-23 Journal Article Blatchford, David 1993 Dinosaurs: going, gone, or just misplaced Notes From NOAH 20 10 23-26 Journal Article Blatchford, David 1993 Dinosaur extinction, the mystery resolved? Notes From NOAH 20 12 4-6 Journal Article Blatchford, David 1993 Pharmaceuticals from frog skin Notes From NOAH 21 3 17 Journal Article Blatchford, David 1993 Cannibalism in the Arizona tiger salamander Sonoran Herpetologist 6 12 117 ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum Journal Article Blaustein, A.R.;Yoshikawa, T.;Asoh, K.;Walls, S.C. 1993 Ontogenetic Shifts in Tadpole Kin Recognition - Loss of Signal and Perception Anim Behav 46 3 525-538 RANA-CASCADAE TADPOLES; SIBLING RECOGNITION; TOAD TADPOLES; PREFERENCE BEHAVIOR; FISH SCHOOLS; SYLVATICA; ASSOCIATION; SALAMANDERS; LARVAL; FROGS Journal Article Blaustein, L.;Kotler, B.P. 1993 Oviposition Habitat Selection by the Mosquito, Culiseta longiareolata - Effects of Conspecifics, Food and Green Toad Tadpoles Ecol Entomol 18 2 104-108 Bufo-Viridis; Culiseta-Longiareolata; Habitat Selection; Mosquito; Oviposition; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; BEHAVIOR Journal Article Blaustein, Andrew R. 1993 Declining amphibian populations in perspective Park Science 13 4 8-9 amphibian decline Journal Article Blaustein, Leon;Kotler, Burt P. 1993 Oviposition habitat selections by the mosquito, Culiseta longiareolata: Effects of conspecifics, food and green toad tadpoles Ecological Entomology 18 104-108 Bufo viridis, Culiseta longiareolata, habitat selection, mosquito, oviposition Journal Article Blaustein, A. R.;T. Yoshikawa, K. Asoh;Walls., S. C. 1993 Ontogenetic shifts in tadpole kin recognition - loss of signal and perception Animal Behaviour 46 525-538 Journal Article Blaustein, L.;Kotler., B. P. 1993 Oviposition habitat selection by the mosquito, Culiseta longiareolata: effects of conspecifics, food and green toad tadpoles. Ecol. Entomol. 18 104-108 Journal Article Blem, Charles R.;Killeen, Karen B. 1993 Circadian metabolic cycles in eastern cottonmouths and brown water snakes Journal of Herpetology 27 3 341-344 nerodia taxispilota agkistrodon piscivorus metabolism physiology Journal Article Blommersschlosser, R.M.A. 1993 Systematic Relationships of the Mantellinae Laurent 1946 (Anura-Ranoidea) Ethol Ecol Evol 5 2 199-218 Anura; Microhyloidea; Ranoidea; Mantellinae; Rhacophoridae; Osteology; Behaviour; Phylogenetic Systematics; Evolution Journal Article Blomstrom, David 1993 Symbolic Herptiles Reptile & Amphibian magazine 1993 Sept/Oct. 22-32 Journal Article Bloomer, Don 1993 Book Review: Captive Breeding Northern Nevada Herpetological Society: Update 4 2 7 Journal Article Bobrov, V.V. 1993 Zoogeographic Analysis of the Lizard Fauna (Reptilia, Sauria) of Vietnam Zool Zh 72 8 70-79 Journal Article Bobrov, Vladimir V. 1993 Spatial organization of a tropical lizard comunity in a forested area of northern Vietnam Herpetozoa 6 1/2 21-28 Journal Article Bobrov, Vladimir V. 1993 A report on a collection of lizards (Reptilia, Sauria) from Son La Province (Northern Vietnam) Journal of Bengal Natural History Society new ser., 12 1 5-10 Journal Article Bodri, M. S.;Nolan, T. J.;Skeeba, S. J. 1993 Safety of Milbemycin (A(3)-A(4) Oxime) in Chelonians J Zoo Wildlife Med 24 2 171-174 Reptilia, testudines, Terrapene carolina major, Trachemys scripta elegans, infection, nematodes, therapy, ivermectin, Milbemycin (A(3)-A(4) Oxime) Red-eared sliders (Pseudemys scripta elegans) were given ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg), milbemycin (A3-A4 oxime) (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg), or propylene glycol (0.2 ml/kg) p.o. to determine the sensitivity of these animals to these drugs and from these data to infer the safety of milbemycin. Half of the ivermectin-treated turtles showed paresis or flaccid paralysis. One animal died, and histology of the liver indicated a diffuse fatty change. No clinical evidence of toxicity was noted in the milbemycin-treated animals. A group of red-eared sliders and six Gulf Coast box turtles (Terrapene carolina major) were given 0.5 mg/kg milbemycin s.c. in the front leg. No deleterious effects or site reactions were clinically detected. Five ornate box turtles (Terrapene carolina ornata) with patent helminth infestations were treated s.c. with 0.25 mg/kg milbemycin and ceased to shed eggs in their feces following 1 or 2 doses. Book Bogert, Charles M.;Martín del Campo, Rafael 1993 The Gila Monster and Its Allies Lawrence, KS SSAR 242 Journal Article Bohme, W.;Sieling, U. 1993 Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Genitalstruktur, Paarungsverhalten und Fortpflanzungserfolg bei squamaten Reptilien: erste Ergebnisse Herpetofauna 15 15-23 reptiles, reproduction Journal Article Bolten, A. B.;Martins, H.R.;Bjorndal, K.A.;Gordon, J. 1993 Size distribution of pelagic-stage loggerhead sea turtles (Carreta carreta) in the waters around the Azores and Madeira Arquipelago Ciencias da Natureza 11 49-54 loggerhead Journal Article Boncinelli, E.;Gulisano, M.;Pannese, M. 1993 Conserved Homeobox Genes in the Developing Brain C R Acad Sci [III] 316 9 979-984 Emx; Otx; Mouse; Frog; Embryos; Forebrain; EMPTY SPIRACLES; HEAD DEVELOPMENT; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RETINOIC ACID; EXPRESSION; FOREBRAIN; MOUSE; EMBRYO Journal Article Bone, L.B.;Willardmack, C.L.;Ruble, G.;Cranfield, M. 1993 Diagnostic Exercise - Ulcerative Dermatitis and Cellulitis in American Toads Laboratory Animal Science 43 6 619-621 Journal Article Bonnet, Xavier;Naulleau, Guy 1993 Relations entre la glycémie et l'activité saisonnière chez Vipera aspis L. [Relation between blood sugar and seasonal activity in Vipera aspis L.] Amphibia-Reptilia 14 3 295-306 Journal Article Bonnet, Xavier;Naulleau, Guy 1993 Relations entre la glycémie et l'activité saisonnière chez Vipera aspis L. Amphibia-Reptilia 14 295-306 Journal Article Booz, G.W.;Bianchi, C.P. 1993 2-Deoxyglucose Transport by the Frog Sartorius - Effects of Electrical Stimulation and N-Carbobenzoxy-Glycyl-L-Phenylalaninamide Comp Biochem Physiol [A] 106 3 471-477 GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT; SUGAR-TRANSPORT; MEMBRANE-TRANSPORT; RAT ADIPOCYTES; CELLS; INHIBITORS; MUSCLE; DEOXYGLUCOSE; INSULIN; SYSTEM Book Section Borges, G.A.;Arruda Filho, A. 1993 Avaliacao do potencial de ninhos sw Caiman Crocodilus yacare numa sub-regio do pantanal de pocone - MT Zoocria de los Crocodylia. Memorias de la I Reunion Regional del CSG, Grupo de Especialistas een Cocodrilos de la UICN: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN 2-8317-01-47-3. 55-117 Journal Article Borjas, G.;Marten, G.G.;Fernandez, E.;Portillo, H. 1993 Juvenile Turtles for Mosquito Control in Water Storage Tanks J Med Entomol 30 5 943-946 Turtles; Mosquito Control; Biological Control; ERADICATION; EGGS Journal Article Borkhvardt, V.G.;Ivashintsova, E.B. 1993 Some Regularities in the Variation of the Paw Skeleton of Siberian Salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii (Amphibia, Hynobiidae) Zool Zh 72 6 66-73 RED-BACKED SALAMANDER; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; REDUCTION Journal Article Borkhvardt, V. G. 1993 Development of arciferal and firmisternal connection between the pectoral girdle halves in amphibians Zool. Zhurn. 72 1 74-84 In Russian Journal Article Bos, J.H. 1993 Chemotherapy in Reptiles Tijdschr Diergeneesk 118 Suppl. S64 Journal Article Bottinelli, R.;Cappelli, V.;Morner, S.E.J.N.;Reggiani, C. 1993 Effects of Amrinone on Shortening Velocity and Force Development in Skinned Skeletal Muscle Fibres J Muscle Res Cell Motil 14 1 110-120 SARCOMERE-LENGTH; FAST-TWITCH; FIBERS; CONTRACTION; FROG; RAT; ATP; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISM; KINETICS Journal Article Bourne, G.R. 1993 Proximate Costs and Benefits of Mate Acquisition at Leks of the Frog Ololygon rubra Anim Behav 45 6 1051-1059 SEXUAL SELECTION; FEMALE CHOICE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; MATING PREFERENCES; HYLA-VERSICOLOR; AUSTRALIAN FROG; EVOLUTION; PARASITES; BUFO; COMMUNICATION Journal Article Bourne, Godfrey R. 1993 Proximate costs and benefits of mate acquisition at leks of the frog Ololygon rubra Animal Behaviour 45 1051-1059 mate acquisition, leks, frog, Ololygon rubra Journal Article Bouron, A.;Potreau, D.;Raymond, G. 1993 Kinetic Analysis of the L-Type Calcium Current in Enzymatically Dissociated Ferret Ventricular Myocytes Gen Physiol Biophys 12 1 3-17 Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp; Ferret Heart; Ventricular Myocytes; L-Type Calcium Current; Inactivation; Reactivation; SLOW INWARD CURRENT; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; HEART-CELLS; GUINEA-PIGS; FROG ATRIUM; INACTIVATION; CHANNEL; DEPENDENCE; VOLTAGE; CONDUCTANCE Journal Article Bowen, B.;Avise, J.C.;Richardson, J.I.;Meylan, A.B.;Margaritoulis, D.;Hopkinsmurphy, S.R. 1993 Population Structure of Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Conservation Biology 7 4 834-844 Journal Article Bowen, B.;Avise, J.C.;Richardson, J.I.;Meylan, A.B.;Margaritoulis, D.;Hopkins-Murphy, S.R. 1993 Population Structure of Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Conservation Biology 7 4 834-844 Journal Article Bowen, B. W.;Avise, J. C.;Richardson, James I.;Meylan, A. B.;Margaritoulis, D.;Hopkins-Murphy, S. R. 1993 Population structure of loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Conservation Biology 7 4 834-844 genetics; loggerhead Journal Article Bowen, B.W.;Nelson, W.S.;Avise, J.C. 1993 A molecular phylogeny for marine turtles: trait mapping, rate assessment, and conservation relevance Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 90 5574-5577 DNA; conservation Journal Article Bowers, B.B.;Bledsoe, A.E.;Burghardt, G.M. 1993 Responses to Escalating Predatory Threat in Garter and Ribbon Snakes (Thamnophis) J Comp Psychol 107 1 25-33 ANTIPREDATOR RESPONSES; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; BEHAVIOR; SIRTALIS; DISPLAYS Book Section Bowker, Richard G. 1993 The thermoregulation of the lizards Cnemidophorus exanguis and C. velox: some consequences of high body temperature Wright, John W. and Vitt, Laurie J. Biology of Whiptail Lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus) Norman, OK Oklahoma Museum of Natural History 117-132 Book Section Bowker, R. G. 1993 The thermoregulation of the lizards Cnemidophorus exsanguis and C. velox: some consequences of high body temperature Wright, J. W. and Vitt, L. J. Biology of whiptail lizards (genus Cnemidophorus) Norman, OK Oklahoma Museum of Natural History 117-132 temperature, whiptails, desert, gradient Journal Article Bowles, Robert L. 1993 Clemmys insculpta (Wood Turtle). Canada: Ontario Herpetological Review 24 2 65 geographic distribution Journal Article Boyer, Thomas H. 1993 Green iguana care Desert Monitor 23 4 5-10 Journal Article Boykin, Ken;Zucker, Naida 1993 Winter aggregation on a small rock cluster by the tree lizard Urosaurus ornatus Southwestern Naturalist 38 3 304-306 hibernation Journal Article Boylan, Terry 1993 A note on growyh rates and diet of hatchling Moloch horridus Herpetofauna 23 2 32-34 incubation feeding food Journal Article Bozhkova, V.P.;Voronov, D.A.;Romanovskii, Y.M. 1993 The Initiation of Contraction Waves on the Surface of Frog Fertilized Eggs by Inositoltrisphosphate Biofizika 38 2 267-278 SEA-URCHIN EGGS; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; CALCIUM WAVES; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; AMPHIBIAN EGGS; ASCIDIAN EGG; ACTIVATION; RELEASE; CA-2+; PROPAGATION Journal Article Böhme, Wolfgang;Busse, Klaus;Glaw, Frank 1993 The identity of Mantella cowani Boulenger, 1882 and Mantella haraldmeieri Busse, 1981 (Anura: Mantellinae) Amphibia-Reptilia 14 3 269-274 Journal Article Böhme, Wolfgang;Sieling, Ulrich 1993 Zum Zusammenhang zwishen Genitalstruktur, Parrungsverhalten und Fortpflanzungserfolg beu squamaten Reptilien: erste Ergebnisse Herpetofauna 15 82 15-23 Hemipenes; reproduction Journal Article Böhme, Wolfgang;Sieling, Ulrich 1993 Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Genitalstruktur, Paarungverhalten und Fortflanzungserfolg bei squamaten Reptilien: erste Ergebnisse herpetofauna 15 82 15-23 Journal Article Bradford, D.F.;Tabatabai, F.;Graber, D.M. 1993 Isolation of Remaining Populations of the Native Frog, Rana muscosa, by Introduced Fishes in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California Conservation Biology 7 4 882-888 Journal Article Bradford, Gavin S. 1993 eye protection during basking by an albino olive python (Liasis olivaceus) Herpetofauna 23 2 39-40 Journal Article Bradley, D. 1993 Chemistry - Frog Venom Cocktail Yields a One-Handed Painkiller Science 261 5125 1117 Journal Article Bradley, D. 1993 Frog venom cocktail yields a one-handed painkiller Science 261 1117 chemistry, poison dart frog, Epipedobates tricolor, epibatidine, drug Journal Article Brady, S.T.;Sugimori, M.;Leopold, P.L.;Lin, J.W.;Chu, D.S.;Llinas, R. 1993 Activity-Dependent Inhibition of Neurotransmitter Release by Brefeldin-A Biol Bull 185 2 299-300 FROG NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION; ORGANELLE STRUCTURE; GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE; MEMBRANE; TRANSMITTER; ENDOSOMES; EXCHANGE; ARF Journal Article Brady, Francis 1993 Banded sand snake, Chilomeniscus cinctus Desert Monitor 23 2 26-27 Journal Article Brady, Francis (Pat) 1993 Mexican garter snake Thamnophis eques Desert Monitor 23 1 5-6 Journal Article Braekevelt, C.R. 1993 Fine Structure of the Retinal Epithelium of the Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma-Tigrinum) Histol Histopathol 8 2 257-264 Retinal Epithelium (RPE); Electron Microscopy; Amphibian; Tiger Salamander; Ambystoma-Tigrinum; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; MYELOID BODIES; CELLS Journal Article Braekevelt, C.R. 1993 Fine Structure of the Retinal Photoreceptors of the Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma-Tigrinum) Histol Histopathol 8 2 265-272 Photoreceptors; Electron Microscopy; Amphibian; Tiger Salamander; Ambystoma-Tigrinum; CELLS Journal Article Braekevelt, C. R. 1993 Fine structure of the retinal epithelium of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) Histol Histopathol 8 2 257-64 Ambystoma; Animal; Bruch Membrane/ultrastructure; Capillaries/ultrastructure; Choroid/blood supply/ultrastructure; Endoplasmic Reticulum/ultrastructure; Melanocytes/ultrastructure; Microscopy, Electron; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/*ultrastructure; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) consists of a single layer of large squamous-shaped cells. These RPE cells are but minimally infolded basally (sclerally) but show numerous apical (vitreal) processes that interdigitate with the photoreceptor cells. A series of apically-located tight junctions joins the RPE cells to form part of the blood-ocular barrier. Internally the RPE nucleus is large, vesicular and flattened. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum predominates in these cells with only occasional small profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum present. Polysomes and basally- located mitochondria are plentiful. Golgi zones, lipid droplets, lysosome-like bodies and phagosomes of outer segment material are also present. Myeloid bodies which may show ribosomes on their surface are also numerous. The round to oval melanosomes undergo retinomotor movements and in the light-adapted state reach almost to the external limiting membrane. Bruch's membrane or complexus basalis shows a pentalaminate structure with the central elastic lamina poorly represented. The choriocapillaris is a single layer of large anastomosing capillaries which are but minimally fenestrated. Journal Article Braekevelt, C. R. 1993 Fine structure of the retinal photoreceptors of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) Histol Histopathol 8 2 265-72 Adaptation, Ocular; Ambystoma; Animal; Microscopy, Electron; Photoreceptors/*ultrastructure; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't The retinal photoreceptors of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) have been studied by light and electron microscopy in both light- and dark-adaptation. Rods and cones are present in this duplex retina in a ratio of about 20:1. As in other urodele species these photoreceptors are very large cells. The rod outer segment is composed of bi- membranous discs of uniform diameter displaying several very deep incisures. The rod inner segment displays an ellipsoid of mitochondria and a myoid region which changes in diameter during the lighting cycle indicating that rods undergo photomechanical movements. Rod nuclei are located at all levels of the outer nuclear layer and rod spherules are large and display several invaginated and superficial synaptic sites. Cone photoreceptors while large cells are smaller than the rods. They show a smaller tapering outer segment, a large distal ellipsoid of mitochondria and a prominent paraboloid of glycogen but no oil droplet within the inner segment. Judging by the width of the myoid region which remains similar throughout the lighting cycle, cones in this species show no retino-motor responses. Cone nuclei are less electron dense than rods and are also located at all levels of the outer nuclear layer. The cone synaptic pedicle is larger than that of the rods and also shows several invaginated and superficial synaptic sites. Journal Article Branch, William R. 1993 Book Review: The Reproductive Husbandry of Pythons and Boas Herpetological Review 24 1 37-38 Journal Article Branch, W. R.;Haagner, G. V. 1993 The skink Mabuya ivensii: new records from Zambia and Zaire, and the status of the subspecies Septemlineata Laurent 1964 and the genus Lubuya Horton 1972 Amphibia-Reptilia 14 2 105-116 Book Branch, Bill 1993 Southern African Snakes and Other Reptiles: A Photographic Guide Sanibel, FL Ralph Curtis Books 144 Journal Article Branch, William R.;Bauer, Aaron M.;Good, David A. 1993 A review of the Namaqua gecko, Pachydactylus namaquensis (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from southern Africa, with the description of two new species S. Afr. J. Zool. 31 2 53-69 P. kladaroderma, P. haackei Journal Article Branch, William R.;Haagner, G. V. 1993 The skink Mabuya ivensii: new records from Zambia and Zaire, and the status of the subspecies septemlineata Laurent 1964 and the genus Lubuya Horton 1972 Amphibia-Reptilia 14 105-115 Book Branch, Bill 1993 Southern African Snakes and other Reptiles: A Photographic Guide Cape Town Struk 144 p. Book Branch, Bill 1993 (2001) Southern African Snakes and other Reptiles: A Photographic Guide Cape Town Struk 144 p. Journal Article Branco, L.G.S.;Wood, S.C. 1993 Effect of Temperature on Central Chemical Control of Ventilation in the Alligator Alligator mississippiensis J Exp Biol 179 261-272 Central Chemoreceptors; Temperature; Hypercapnia; Control of Breathing; Crocodilia; Alligator-Mississippiensis; BODY-TEMPERATURE; INSPIRED CO2; TURTLE; LIZARD; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; RESPONSES; RECEPTORS; DRIVE Journal Article Branco, L. G.;Portner, H. O.;Wood, S. C. 1993 Interaction between temperature and hypoxia in the alligator Am. J. Physiol. 265 6 Pt 2 R1339-43 AM, temperature, physiology, respiration, metabolism, Hypoxia elicits behavioral hypothermia in alligators. Under normoxic conditions, the selected body temperature is 27.8 +/- 1.2 degrees C. However, when inspired O2 is lowered to 4%, selected body temperature decreases to 15.4 +/- 1.0 degrees C. The threshold for the behavioral hypothermia is between 4 and 5% inspired O2, the lowest threshold measured so far in terrestrial vertebrates. This study assessed the physiological significance of the behavioral hypothermia. The body temperature was clamped at 15, 25, and 35 degrees C for measurements of ventilation, blood gases, metabolic rate, plasma lactate, and acid-base status. Hypoxia-induced changes in ventilation, acid-base status, oxygen consumption, and lactate were proportional to body temperature, being pronounced at 35 degrees C, less at 25 degrees C, and absent at 15 degrees C. The correlation between selected body temperature under severe hypoxia and the measured parameters show that behavioral hypothermia is a beneficial response to hypoxia in alligators. Journal Article Branco, L.G.S.;Wood, S.C. 1993 Effect of temperature on central chemical control of ventilation in the alligator Alligator mississippiensis J. exp. Biol. 179 261-272 AM, physiology, temperature, respiration, Central chemoreceptor function was assessed in unanesthetized alligators, Alligator mississippiensis, at body temperatures of 15, 25 and 35 degrees C. Two experiments were performed. In the first experiment, the fourth ventricle was perfused with mock cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) solutions of different pH values (7.1-7.9). Changes in pulmonary ventilation were evaluated with a pneumotachograph and arterial pH (pHa) was measured. Perfusion with low-pH solutions increased ventilation and arterial pH. Perfusion with high-pH solutions decreased ventilation and arterial pH. Mock CSF pH had a greater effect at higher temperatures. In the second experiment, the relative contributions of central and peripheral chemoreceptor drive to breathing were evaluated using hypercapnic gas mixtures to stimulate both central and peripheral chemoreceptors. Hypercapnia caused an increase in ventilation which was larger at higher temperatures. To stimulate only the peripheral chemoreceptors, the same hypercapnic gas mixtures were applied while the CSF pH of the fourth ventricle was kept constant by perfusion with a mock CSF solution. This reduced significantly the ventilatory response induced by hypercapnia. These data indicate that, regardless of the temperature, central chemoreceptors play a major role in the ventilatory regulation of the alligator. The change in pHa with temperature is compatible with the alphastat hypothesis. Journal Article Brandon, Ron;Silwinski, Robert P. 1993 In Memorium: Michael Alton Morris, February 25, 1956 - April 4, 1993 Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 28 5 104-106 Journal Article Brandt, Laura A.;Montgomery, Kent L.;Saunders, Arthur W.;Mazzotti, Frank J. 1993 Gopherus polyphemus (gopher tortoise). Burrows Herpetological Review 24 4 149 Journal Article Branson, Branley Allan 1993 American boa constrictors Reptile & Amphibian magazine 1993 Sept/Oct. 48-55 charina bottae lichanura trivirgata Journal Article Braswell, A. L. 1993 A report on Rana capito Froglog 7 2 Book Section Braysher, Mike 1993 The need for a critical review of the impact of pest animals on Australia's herpetofauna Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 36 Journal Article Breitweiser, Beth Ann 1993 Hyperkeratosis & vitamin A deficiency in terrapins Captive Breeding 1 4 28-30 Journal Article Brereton, Raymond N. 1993 Python kills pelican Herpetofauna 23 2 41-42 Journal Article Bres, O.;Nicoll, C.S. 1993 Effects of Prolactin, Growth Hormone, and Triiodothyronine on Prolactin Receptors in Larval and Adult Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) Journal of Experimental Zoology 266 4 290-298 BINDING-SITES; MALE RATS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; METAMORPHOSIS; THYROXINE; KIDNEYS; PLASMA; ADRENALS; TISSUES; LIVER Journal Article Bricker, Kathy 1993 Use of conditioning to reduce risks in feeding and handling large pythons Notes From NOAH 20 4 12-14 Journal Article Brillet, Ch. 1993 Behavioural cues in sex recognition by two species of nocturnal lizards: Eublepharis macularius and Paroedura pictus Amphibia-Reptilia 14 1 71-82 Journal Article Brisbin, I. Lehr, Jr.;Bagshaw, Clarence 1993 Survival, weight changes, and shedding frequencies of captive scarlet snakes, Cemophora coccinea, maintained on an artificial liquid diet Herpetological Review 24 1 27-29 Journal Article Brisbin, I. Lehr;Bagshaw, Clarence 1993 Survival, weight changes, and shedding frequencies of captive scarlet snakes, Cemophora coccinea, maintained on an artificial liquid diet Herpetological Review 24 27-29 Journal Article Britson, Carol A.;Gutzke, William H. N. 1993 Antipredator mechanisms of hatchling freshwater turtles Copeia 1993 2 435-440 trachemys scripta chrysemys picta defense Journal Article Britson, C. A.;Gutzke, Whn 1993 Antipredator mechanisms of hatchling freshwater turtles Copeia 3 2 435-440 Reptilia, testudines, terrapin, antipredator mechanisms Populations of hatchling turtles are assumed to be under intense predation pressure until the individuals reach a size where they can no longer be taken by gape-limited predatory fish. This assumption is based solely on the physical capability of adult fish to engulf hatchlings and their co-occurrence with turtles in many habitats. It would appear that opportunistic feeders would take advantage of an influx of hatchlings upon emergence from a nest. However, there are only incidental accounts (unpubl.) of hatchlings found in stomach contents of predatory freshwater fish. Apparently hatchlings possess an effective, but previously undetermined, antipredator mechanism. Using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) as a model predator, the objective of this experiment was to identify the mechanism(s) (taste, morphology, or behavior) used by hatchling turtles to avoid predation. Six experimental food treatments (ground internal organs and meat, ground shell and skin, ground whole turtle, dead hatchlings, anesthetized hatchlings, and active hatchlings) from two turtle species, the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta) and painted turtle (Chrysemys picta), and one control (ground fish cubes) were randomly presented to individually housed bass. Fish ate all treatments except active hatchlings which were attacked but subsequently egested unharmed. We conclude that hatchling behavior (e.g., clawing, biting, etc., which may be harmful to the gill apparati or digestive tract of bass) provides defense against predation. Through the course of the experiment, bass also exhibited learned avoidance of hatchlings. These fish may be associating the bright plastral colors and patterns common in these hatchlings with the behavior of the turtle. This is the first reported case of the ''noxious'' aspect of aposematic prey being associated with a behavioral rather than a chemical or a morphological defense. Journal Article Broadley, Donald G. 1993 Ankylosis in the shell bones of Kinixys homeana (Chelonii: Testudinae) Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 42 20 Kinixys homeana; Ankylosis; Africa Journal Article Broadley, D. G. 1993 A review of the Southern African species of Kinixys Bell (Reptilia: Testudinae) Annals of the Transvaal Museum 36 6 41-52 Journal Article Broadley, Donald G. 1993 Ankylosis in the shell bones of Kinixys homeana (Chelonii: Testudinidae) Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 42 20 Kinixys homeana; Ankylosis Book Broderick, A.C.;Godley, B.J. 1993 Glasgow University turtle conservation expedition to northern Cyprus 1993 Glasgow University Veterinary School loggerhead/conservation/sex ratio Journal Article Brodie, E.D. 1993 Homogeneity of the Genetic Variance-Covariance Matrix for Antipredator Traits in 2 Natural Populations of the Garter Snake Thamnophis ordinoides Evolution 47 3 844-854 Antipredator Behavior; Color Pattern; Garter Snake; Genetic Correlation; Heritability; Interpopulation Variation; Quantitative Genetics; Thamnophis-Ordinoides; QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; LOCOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION; MORPHOLOGICAL-DIFFERENTIATION; SCELOPORUS-OCCIDENTALIS; BEHAVIORAL VARIATION; STATISTICAL TESTS; BODY SIZE; SELECTION; CHARACTERS Journal Article Brodie, Edmund D., Jr;Campbell, Jonathan A. 1993 A new salamander of the genus Oedipina (Caudata: Plethodontidae) from the Pacific Versant of Guatemala Herpetologica 49 2 259-265 Journal Article Brodie, Edmund D., III 1993 Homogeneity of the genetic variance-covariance matrix for antipredator traits in two natural populations of the garter snakes Thamnophis ordinoides Evolution 47 3 844-854 behavior color pattern heritability interpopulation variation quantitative Book Section Brodie, Edmund D., III;Garland, Theodore, Jr 1993 Quantitative genetics of snake populations Seigel, Richard A. and Collins, Joseph T. Snakes: Ecology & Behavior New York McGraw-Hill, Inc. 315-362 Journal Article Brodie, Edmund D., III 1993 Differential avoidance of coral snake banded patterns by free-ranging avian predators in Costa Rica Evolution 47 1 227-235 adaptive coloration antipredator mechanisms aposematism elapid mimicry coniophanes rhadinea geophis chironius mastigodryas clelia ninia lampropeltis micrurus erythrolamprus scaphiodontophis oxyrhopus liophis urotheca Elapid Snakes; Mimicry; Vertebrates; RECOGNITION; BEHAVIOR Journal Article Brodie, E.D. 1993 Consistency of Individual Differences in Anti-Predator Behaviour and Colour Pattern in the Garter Snake, Thamnophis ordinoides Anim Behav 45 5 851-861 NATURAL-POPULATIONS; LOCOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; ANTIPREDATOR RESPONSES; EVOLUTIONARY RESPONSE; GENETIC CORRELATIONS; ACTIVITY METABOLISM; DANGEROUS PREY; SELECTION; ONTOGENY; CHARACTERS Journal Article Brodie, E.D.;Campbell, J.A. 1993 A New Salamander of the Genus Oedipina (Caudata, Plethodontidae) from the Pacific Versant of Guatemala Herpetologica 49 2 259-265 Amphibia; Caudata; Plethodontidae; Oedipina-Stenopodia New Species; Departamento-de-Quezaltenango; Guatemala Journal Article Brodie, Edmund D. Jr.;Savage, Ron F. 1993 A new species of Abronia (Squamata: Anguidae) from a dry oak forest in eastern Guatamala Herpetologica 49 4 420-427 campbelli Journal Article Brodie, E. D.;Garland, T. 1993 Quantitative genetics of snake populations Snakes Reptilia, serpentes, physiology, anatomy, genetics Journal Article Brodman, R. 1993 The Effect of Acidity on Interactions of Ambystoma Salamander Larvae J Freshwater Ecol 8 3 209-214 DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; LOW PH; AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS; RANA-SYLVATICA; HYDROGEN-ION; MACULATUM; COMPETITION; SURVIVAL; WATER; PRECIPITATION Journal Article Brodman, R. 1993 Egg mortality in pond breeding salamanders Froglog 8 3 Journal Article Brodman, R. 1993 The effect of acidity on interactions of Ambystoma salamander larvae J. Freshw. Ecol. 8 209-215 Journal Article Brody, L. S.;Mouton, P. le F. N.;Grant, W. S. 1993 Electrophoretic analysis of the Cordylus cordylus species group in the southwestern Cape, South Africa Amphibia-Reptilia 14 1 19-34 Book Brown, William S. 1993 Biology, Status, and Management of the Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus): A Guide for Conservation Lawrence, KS Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles No. 22 78 distribution habitat den seasonal activity ecology spatial biology cycle reproduction fecundidty demography clutch size frequency population trends threats destruction commercial collecting round ups behavior reserves monitoring research protection enhancement translocation education removal nuisance signs laws state preserves color patterns morphology Journal Article Brown, Douglas G.;Duvall, David 1993 Habitat associations of the prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) in Wyoming Herpetological Natural History 1 1 5-12 use refugia greasewood shedding Journal Article Brown, Gregory P.;Brooks, Ronald J. 1993 Sexual and seasonal differences in activity in a northern population of snapping turtles, Chelydra serpentina Herpetologica 49 3 311-318 movement behavior stategy algonquin park Journal Article Brown, Philip 1993 Critical times for local habitat and desert tortoise protection Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 10 1 gopherus agassizii Journal Article Brown, Philip 1993 Proposed changes in fish and game laws Southwestern Herpetologists Society Newsletter 23 12 5 laws legislation california Journal Article Brown, S.G.;Obrien, J. 1993 Pseudosexual and Dominance Behaviour - Their Relationship to Fecundity in the Unisexual Gecko, Lepidodactylus lugubris J Zool 231 Part 1 61-69 SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; PARTHENOGENETIC LIZARD; ENDOLYMPHATIC SACS; WHIPTAIL LIZARDS; OVARIAN CYCLE; REPRODUCTION; CNEMIDOPHORUS Journal Article Brown, G.E.;Brown, J.A. 1993 Social Dynamics in Salmonid Fishes - Do Kin Make Better Neighbours Anim Behav 45 5 863-871 RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; ATLANTIC SALMON; DEAR ENEMIES; RECOGNITION; BEHAVIOR; GAIRDNERI; TADPOLES; TERRITORIALITY Journal Article Brown, G.W.;Nelson, J.L. 1993 Influence of Successional Stage of Eucalyptus Regnans (Mountain Ash) on Habitat Use by Reptiles in the Central Highlands, Victoria Australian Journal of Ecology 18 4 405-417 ACTIVITY PATTERNS; SERPENTES; FOREST; FIRE Book Section Brown, G. W.;Nicholls, A. O. 1993 Comparative census techniques and modelling of habitat utilization by reptiles in northern Victoria Lunney, Daniel and Ayers, Danielle Herpetology in Australia: A Diverse Discipline Mosman, Australia Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 283-290 Journal Article Brown, R. P.;Perezmellado, V. 1993 Population differentiation in scalation of the Iberian rock lizard (Lacerta monticola) J Zool 230 451-458 Reptilia, sauria, Iberian rock lizard,Lacerta monticola, anatomy, scalation, The rock lizard Lacerta monticola is a climatic relict confined to three mountain ranges and one coastal region of the Iberian peninsula. Scalation was studied in specimens from localities encompassing all major parts of its range. Population differentiation was analysed using analyses of variance, z-transformations of within- locality character-correlations, canonical variate analyses, principal components analysis, and matrix association tests. Substantial differentiation was found between Pyrenees specimens and those from other localities, supporting a recent study which indicated that the Pyrenees populations could represent a different species. Considerable geographic variation is also found among populations from the remaining parts of its range, the pattern of which is not compatible with existing racial categories designated for this species. Reprint Endnote 93/599 Book Brown, William S. 1993 Biology, Status, and Management of the Timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus): A Guide for Conservation Oxford, OH SSAR 84 Crotalus horridus; Conservation; Management; Biology Journal Article Bruce, Richard C. 1993 Sexual size dimorphism in desmognathine salamanders Copeia 1993 2 313-318 desmognathus ochrophaeus monticola quadramaculatus Journal Article Bruckman, Fred 1993 Book Review: Venomous Snakes of the World Notes From NOAH 21 3 13-16 Journal Article Brun, R.B. 1993 Bilateral Eye Formation in the Eyeless Mutant Mexican Salamander Following Unilateral, Partial Excision of Neural Fold Tissues - A Quantitative Study J Exp Zool 265 5 541-548 FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; AMBYSTOMA-MEXICANUM; AXOLOTL; GENE Journal Article Brust, Douglas G. 1993 Maternal brood care by Dendrobates pumilio: a frog that feeds its young Journal of Herpetology 27 1 96-98 parental care maternal oophagy Journal Article Brust, D. G. 1993 Maternal brood care by Dendrobates pumilio: A frog that feeds its young Journal of Herpetology 27 1 96-98 parental care, tadpoles, oophagy, neotropics Journal Article Bucci, S.;Ragghianti, M.;Nardi, I.;Bellini, M.;Mancino, G.;Lacroix, J. C. 1993 Identification of an amphibian oocyte nuclear protein as a candidate for a role in embryonic DNA replication Int J Dev Biol 37 4 509-17 Amino Acid Sequence; Animal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Base Sequence; Blotting, Northern; *DNA Replication; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gastrula/physiology; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Molecular Sequence Data; Notophthalmus viridescens/*embryology; Nuclear Proteins/*analysis/chemistry/genetics/physiology; Oocytes/*chemistry; Oogenesis; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/analysis; RNA, Messenger/metabolism; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Monoclonal antibody B24/3 recognizes a nuclear protein of 104 kD in germinal vesicles of newt oocytes. Immunohistostaining of oocytes at different stages of growth shows an accumulation of B24 protein throughout oogenesis. During development B24 protein is located inside embryonic cell nuclei from the onset of cleavage onwards. It gradually decreases from gastrulation and disappears at the tailbud stage. The NvB24 17.1 clone was isolated from an ovary expression library of the newt Notophthalmus viridescens and then sequenced: the open reading frame is capable of encoding a polypeptide of 744 amino acids. Northern blot experiments have shown that the 17.1 clone recognizes a single transcript of about 3 Kb in the ovary. In situ hybridization experiments showed that B24 mRNA transcription starts from previtellogenic oocytes, and is followed by the appearance and gradual accumulation of B24 protein in germinal vesicles of medium and large size oocytes. Keeping in mind the sequence similarity shown by the B24 protein to the mouse P1 protein as well as to the budding yeast Mcm3 and fission yeast cdc21 proteins, B24 protein can be speculated to play a role in the events of DNA replication during early amphibian embryogenesis. As B24 antigen is located in the sphere organelles both inserted on the lampbrush chromosomes and free in the oocyte nucleoplasm, an additional possible role of B24 protein could be related to assembling and/or storing snRNPs during oogenesis. Journal Article Buchacher, Christian O. 1993 Field studies on the small Surinam toad, Pipa arrabali, near Manaus, Brazil Amphibia-Reptilia 14 1 59-70 Journal Article Buchanan, B.W. 1993 Effects of Enhanced Lighting on the Behaviour of Nocturnal Frogs Anim Behav 45 5 893-899 HYLA-CHRYSOSCELIS; RESPONSES; TREEFROG Journal Article Buhlmann, Kurt A.;Savitsky, Alan H.;Savitsky, Barbara A.;Mitchell, Joseph C. 1993 Regina rigida (glossy crayfish snake). USA: Virgina Herpetological Review 24 4 156-157 Book Section Buhlmann, Kurt A.;Mitchell, Joseph C.;Pague, Christopher A. 1993 Amphibian and small mamal abundance and diversity in saturated forested wetlands and adjacent uplands of southeastern Virginia Eckles, S. D.;Jennings, A.;Spingarn, A. and Wienhold, C. Proceedings of a Workshop on Saturated Forested Wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic Region: The State of the Science Annapolis, Maryland U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1-7 Amphibians; Mammals; Species richness; Species diversity; Rarefraction; Wetlands Journal Article Buhlmann, K. A.;Savitsky, A. H.;Savitsky, B. A.;Mitchell, J. C. 1993 Regina rigida Herpetological Review 24 4 157-156 glossy crayfish snake, Virginia Journal Article Bull, C.M.;Bedford, G.S.;Schulz, B.A. 1993 How Do Sleepy Lizards Find Each Other Herpetologica 49 3 294-300 Reptilia; Scincidae; Tiliqua-Rugosa; Australia; Behavior; Mate Location; FEMORAL GLAND SECRETIONS; GARTER SNAKES THAMNOPHIS; SEX-PHEROMONE TRAILS; TRACHYDOSAURUS-RUGOSUS; EUMECES-LATICEPS; TIMBER RATTLESNAKES; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; CROTALUS-HORRIDUS; AUSTRALIAN LIZARD; OMNIVOROUS LIZARD Journal Article Bull, Roger;Crawford, Ted;Retes, Frank;Schwalbe, Cecil;McCrystal, Hugh 1993 Is captive propagation conservation? A round table discussion Sonoran Herpetologist 6 8 76-83 Journal Article Bull, Michael C.;Bedford, Gavin S.;Shultz, Bridgette A. 1993 How do sleepy lizards find each other? Herpetologica 49 3 294-300 tiliqua rugosa Journal Article Bull, C. Michael;Pamula, Yvonne;Schulze, Lana 1993 Parturition in the sleepy lizard, Tiliqua rugosa Journal of Herpetology 27 4 489-492 Journal Article Bull, C.M.;Burzacott, D. 1993 The Impact of Tick Load on the Fitness of Their Lizard Hosts Oecologia 96 3 415-419 Tick; Reptile; Ectoparasite; Infestation; Parasite-Host Interaction; TRACHYDOSAURUS-RUGOSUS; APONOMMA-HYDROSAURI; PARAPATRIC BOUNDARY; AUSTRALIAN LIZARD; FENCE LIZARDS; PARASITES; POPULATION; INFECTION; NEMATODE; MALES Journal Article Bullock, D. J.;Jury, H. M.;Evans, Pgh 1993 Foraging Ecology in the Lizard Anolis oculatus