Reptile Biodiversity
Edited by Roy W. McDiarmid, Mercedes S. Foster, Craig Guyer, J. Whitfield Gibbons, and Neil Chernoff
From tiny, burrowing lizards to rainforest canopy-dwellers and giant crocodiles, reptile populations everywhere are changing. Yet government and conservation groups are often forced to make important decisions about reptile conservation and management based on inadequate or incomplete data. With contributions from nearly seventy specialists, this volume offers a comprehensive guide to the best methods for carrying out standardized quantitative and qualitative surveys of reptiles, while maximizing comparability of data between sites, across habitats and taxa, and over time. The contributors discuss each method, provide detailed protocols for its implementation, and suggest ways to analyze the data, making this volume an essential resource for monitoring and inventorying reptile abundance, population status, and biodiversity.
Reptile Biodiversity covers topics including: terrestrial, marine, and aquatic reptiles; equipment recommendations and limitations; ethics of monitoring and inventory activities; statistical procedures; designing sampling programs; and using PDAs in the field
Chapter 1. Studying Reptile Diversity
Chapter 2. Reptile Diversity and Natural History: an Overview
Chapter 3. Study Design and Sampling
The Value of Long-term Monitoring
Know Your Organisms
Using Geographical Information Systems to Design Reptile Surveys
Precautions for Quantitative Reptile Field Studies
Chapter 4. Dealing with Associated Data
Climate Data and Seasonality
Describing Microhabitats
Diversity, Distribution Maps, and Atlas Production
Automated Data Acquisition
Handheld Computers for Digital Data Collection
Databases, Metadata, and Integrated Data Management
Data Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Chapter 5. Finding and Capturing Reptiles
Detecting, Counting, and Sampling Squamates
Funnel Traps, Pitfall Traps, and Drift Fences
Specialized Trapping of Snakes over Large Areas
Finding, Counting, and Catching Crocodiles
Collaboration with Local People for Sampling Reptiles
Chapter 6. Voucher Specimens
Chapter 7. Preparing Reptiles as Scientific Specimens
Preparing Scientific Specimens
Collecting and Preserving Embryos
Collecting and Preserving Parasites during Reptile Biodiversity Surveys
Collecting and Preserving Tissues for Biochemical Analysis
Chapter 8. Dealing with Live Reptiles
Ethical Considerations in Working with Reptiles
Handling Live Reptiles: Leave Your Ego at the Door
Anesthesia in Reptiles
Standard Data from Live Specimens
Chapter 9. Marking Reptiles
Chapter 10. Determining Age, sex, and Reproductive Condition
Chapter 11. Techniques for Difficult-to-Sample Habitats
Rock-dwelling reptiles
Snake Hibernacula and Communal Denning
Arboreal Reptiles: Tree-trunk and Canopy-dwelling Species
Swamp-dwelling Crocodilians
Detecting and Capturing Turtles In Freshwater Habitats
Alternative Methods For Sampling Freshwater Turtles and Squamates
Sampling Marine And Estuarial Reptiles
Chapter 12. Statistical Properties of Techniques and Validation
Chapter 13. Standard Techniques for Inventory and Monitoring
Selecting a Technique
Complete Species Inventories
Road Riding
Visual Encounter Surveys
Quadrat Sampling
Permanent Plots with Mark-recapture
Transect Surveys, including Line Distance
Pitfall-Trap Surveys
Sampling with Artificial Cover
Reptile Sign and Camera Traps
Nest and Track Surveys
Aerial Surveys for Marine Turtles
Chapter 14. Parametric Analysis of Reptilian Biodiversity Data
Chapter 15. Population Size and Demographics
Relative Abundance in Snakes: A Case Study
Chapter 16. Studying and Monitoring Exploited Species
Chapter 13. Reptile Biodiversity: Where Do We Go From Here
Appendix I. Selected Institutions with Significant Collections of Reptiles
Appendix II. Websites of Interest
Literature Cited
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